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Words of Rabbi Eli J. Mansour: Before You Judge…

The story of the Tower Babel, which we read this month, is – like many stories in the Book of Beresheet – very well known. We are all familiar with the people’s idea to build a tower to the heavens and challenge the Almighty, and with the way Gd disrupted their scheme by causing them to speak different languages and thus lose the ability to collaborate with one another.

There is one detail of the story, though, which does not receive much attention, but is well worth our consideration – particularly during the times we are living through, when the Jewish Nation finds itself at war and continually targeted by false, malicious accusations.

“Coming Down” to See

The Torah tells that Gd “came down to see the city and the tower that the people built” (11:5). Already Rashi notes the peculiarity of the description of Gd “coming down” to observe the events here on earth. It goes without saying that Gd does not need to go anywhere to see anything; He is keenly aware of all events that occur at all times at all places in all of existence even before they happen. Certainly, He had no need to descend to the earth to see the tower.

Rashi explains, citing the Midrash: “He did not need this [to ‘come down’], but He wanted to teach judges not to convict the defendant until they have seen and understood [the matter].”

Gd here taught by example not to pass judgment flippantly, before definitively determining what happened. He, of course, had firsthand knowledge of the tower – but He wanted to teach human judges not to reach a conclusion before they thoroughly investigate and study the case.

Similarly, the Torah later (18:21) tells that Gd “came down” to see the sinfulness of Sedom, and Rashi there references his comments regarding the Tower of Babel, explaining that Gd set an example by “coming down” to directly observe Sedom’s crimes before condemning it to annihilation.

To show how far this principle extends, let’s fast-forward to the Book of Devarim, where we find, startlingly enough, how even the greatest of all men may have been ever so slightly too quick to judge.

The People’s Cries

The context is the upsetting story of Kivrot Hata’avah, when, during Beneh Yisrael’s journey through the desert, they felt discontented, and demanded a richer “menu.” Dissatisfied with their daily ration of miraculous manna, the people expressed their desire for vegetables and meat.

The Torah tells: “Moshe heard the nation crying with their families…and Gd was exceedingly incensed, and it was evil in Moshe’s eyes” (Bamidbar 11:10).

Upon reading this verse, we are immediately struck by its unusual structure and syntax. Rather than simply stating that both Gd and Moshe were disturbed by the people’s complaints, the Torah says that Gd was angry, and then adds, separately, that the complaints upset Moshe, too.

If we examine this verse carefully, we might propose a surprising and novel reading. The Torah at this point does not tell us that Gd was angry at Beneh Yisrael for complaining. It says, “Vayihar af Hashem me’od” – that He was very angry. This anger was not necessarily directed at the people. We might suggest that – astonishingly enough – it was directed at Moshe.

Moshe? What did he do wrong? How was he to blame for what was happening?

We discover the answer by looking carefully at the first part of this verse: “Moshe heard the nation crying…” Moshe did not hear the people complaining – he heard them crying, and he assumed that they were crying because they wanted a more varied diet.

And Gd was “exceedingly incensed” at Moshe for jumping to this conclusion, for determining what the people were crying about before verifying this.

This is truly astonishing. Just before, Moshe heard the people complaining, and this was hardly the first time they complained. Even so, he was not justified in his assumption regarding the reason for their crying.

Moreover, this assumption was 100 percent correct. The people were, in fact, crying because they wanted a variety of food. And even so – Moshe was wrong to prematurely make this assumption.

This is how far the Torah goes in demanding that we reserve judgment, and avoid reaching unfounded conclusions about other people’s wrongdoing. Even when we have very good reason to assume the worst, and even if it actually turns out to be the worst – we are held accountable for making an assumption that has yet to be conclusively substantiated.

Erecting a “Fence” Around Judgmentalism

Our sages expressed for us this concept in the very first Mishnah of Pirkeh Avot, which cites three teachings of the Ansheh Kenesset Hagedolah, the Men of the Great Assembly at the beginning of the Second Temple era. The first two are: hevu metunim badin – be patient and thorough in judgment, when presiding over a trial; and asu seyag laTorah – “erect a fence around the Torah.”

This second teaching is commonly understood as a reference to the enactment of safeguards, instituting restrictions that the Torah itself did not command, as a “fence” keeping us away from possible violations of Torah law.

There may, however, be an additional interpretation of this instruction, “asu seyag laTorah” – that it pertains to the previous instruction, to be slow and patient when judging. The great sages of the Ansheh Kenesset Ha’gedolah teach us to erect a “fence” around the obligation to reserve judgment. Not only must we avoid reaching conclusions before seeing the evidence –

but even after we see what happened, even when we have concrete knowledge about the event, even then we should hesitate before judging.

Just as we saw in the story of Kivrot Hata’avah, we are expected to reserve judgment even when we have good reason to assume the worst about somebody. We are to recognize the inherent potential within every person, the spark of holiness embedded in each soul, and to trust in all people’s capacity for goodness. So much so that even when we think we have reason to assume somebody did something wrong – we must still consider the possibility that they didn’t, that things aren’t the way they seem, that there are mitigating factors, that the person really didn’t act as badly as it appears.

An amusing example is a story I heard about a certain yeshiva in Israel. It came to the administrators’ attention that the students were often using the disposable coffee cups for water, instead of the less expensive plastic cups. Yeshivas are always very cost-conscious and looking for ways to save money, and so the Rosh Yeshiva wrote a strongly-worded letter demanding that the hot cups be used only for hot beverages, and that students who use these cups for water are guilty of stealing from the yeshiva. This letter was hung up in the room where the students came for drinks.

Sometime later, a student was seen reading the sign, and then taking a coffee cup, filling it with water, and drinking. He was harshly reprimanded for this clear violation of the yeshiva’s new rule.

He explained that he was planning to have a cup of coffee, but he wanted some water first. Rather than take a plastic cup for his water, and then a hot cup for the coffee, he decided it would be better to use the same cup for both.

The people who saw what this boy did were convinced beyond a shadow of a doubt that he violated the rule. They assumed – for good reason – that they caught him red-handed. But they were wrong.

And this is true of so many of the assumptions we make about other people. We are so sure we know exactly what they did and exactly why they did it, and we cast judgment. But the truth is we know so little. Even when we have firsthand knowledge, we know nothing about the background to the incident, or about the background of the person who committed the act. There is so much about people that we don’t know – how can we judge based on the minuscule amount that we do know?

Let’s Not Do Our Enemies’ Job

This is one of the important areas for us to focus on during the extraordinary times we’re living in, when irrational Jew-hatred has reached levels that we had not before seen in our lifetime.

A ubiquitous feature of this alarming trend is the knee-jerk accusations against us. The moment that Hamas – a terror organization that preaches and glorifies murder, violence, torture and mayhem – puts out a statement alleging some Israeli crime, news outlets across the globe accept it and run banner headlines. The hysterical reports of widespread starvation in Gaza because of Israel’s war effort have largely been proven false. Early in the war, Hamas accused Israel of bombing a Gaza hospital, killing hundreds of patients – when in fact it was a misfired Palestinian rocket that struck the hospital’s parking lot, causing a small

number of casualties. Every Palestinian action against Israel is justified as self-defense, and every Israeli counterterrorism measure is condemned as aggression.

Our enemies are doing a “fine” job on their own jumping to conclusions, rushing to criticize and condemn, and thinking the worst about us. Our response to this trend must include a commitment to do just the opposite – to avoid judgment of our fellow Jews, to look favorably upon them, to think the best instead of the worst, to admire their goodness instead of searching for what’s wrong. Our foes across the world are already doing what they can to find fault in the Jewish Nation. We need to go to the opposite extreme, as far as we possibly can – focusing our attention on all that is good in other Jews, and refraining from judging and condemning.

The more we strive to judge our fellow Jews favorably, the more we will be judged favorably from Above, and earn the same love and affection from Hashem that we extend to others.

Sailing Relationships with R’ Ali – October 2025

QUESTION:

Dear Rabbi Ali,

I heard you mention in one of your classes the importance of spending quality time with your spouse. My husband and I do set time aside twice a week to spend time together, however it’s always me who initiates it. This makes me feel as though my husband is not interested in going out with me. How can I either get over these feelings or maybe get him to initiate?

R’ Ali’s Response:

This is a common question. Actually, I hear this equally from men and women. Yes, men also want closeness and connection with their wives. Don’t be mistaken that women are the ones who want to cultivate a loving relationship and men could care less. This couldn’t be farther from the truth.

Your question was concerning your husband’s lack of initiative to go out and spend time together. I would like to elaborate first on the importance of quality time since it is so important. Many people feel as though quality time is a “nice thing.” I believe it’s more than just a nice thing, it’s extremely crucial for a couple to spend time together for the couple to build and maintain a healthy, loving relationship.

We all agree that we feel close to people who we speak with and meet up with often. And people that we don’t have much contact with – we don’t have such a great connection. So why would our relationship with our spouse be different in this sense? The truth is, that it isn’t.

Many people that I speak with or counsel mention that they don’t spend quality time with their spouse, sadly. They have many excuses, and the main one is that they are simply too busy. While I understand that we all get busy, this is not an excuse. I’m pretty sure everyone can find twenty minutes, three times a week to spend quality time with their spouse.

What does help a lot of people is to schedule specific times and days for quality time. Some people tell me that this feels “unnatural.” To this I say, would you rather have good quality time with your spouse that came about in an unnatural way or “organically disconnect” from each other? I believe the former makes more sense.

Before I answer your question it’s important to have in mind the main purpose of the quality time and that is, quality. What makes the time “quality”? If the time spent is light and enjoyable as opposed to pressurized and critical. This is not the time to “fix” your spouse (nor is anytime really appropriate for that). People feel connected when they’re heard, understood, and just plain enjoying time together.

Getting back to your question, how can you get your husband to initiate or to manage the uncomfortable feelings? Concerning the feeling that he is not interested in you, I can reassure you that he wants to spend time with you and enjoys it. Some people feel content with the small interactions they have throughout the day and maybe feel connected already.

As I’ve mentioned before, setting times is ideal and this would actually work to your advantage. This way no one’s initiating! The time is set already. However, if you desperately want him to initiate maybe once in a while, just tell him nicely and gently that it would mean so much to you, without blaming or accusations. Maybe he will initiate, maybe he won’t, but with this approach you will have a better chance of having him initiate.

One last thing to bear in mind – many times in an attempt to bring our spouse closer, we push them further away, unfortunately. You would like two things, to spend quality time with your husband and to have him initiate the outing. By pushing an agenda and complaining how he never initiates, you may be creating a situation, chas veshalom, where he becomes disinterested in going out altogether. This way you will lose more than you will gain. Not to say that this is what you were doing, I’m just putting it out there to be aware of this pitfall that entraps many people.

Critical Voter Registration Drive Unites Sephardic Community

Eddie M Esses and Sari J Setton

The Sephardic Community Federation (SCF) has launched one of the most ambitious voter registration drives in the history of our community. Led by Haim Dabah and Marshall Aronow, in partnership with SCF’s executive team – Ronnie Tawil, Sari Setton, Eddie Esses, Joey Saban, Joe Mansour, and Charles Chakkalo. This unprecedented initiative is already reshaping civic engagement across our community, having registered thousands of new voters with the goal of adding many thousands more before the November mayoral election.

The campaign was launched this past August at a meeting hosted by Haim Dabah at his home in Deal, NJ. Leaders from schools, synagogues, and community institutions gathered for a powerful morning of strategy and planning. Presentations by Haim Dabah Marshall Aronow, and Ronnie Tawil set the tone for the weeks ahead, followed by a lively discussion among the assembled leadership. In addition to uniting our institutions around this mission, the meeting also raised enough money to fund the campaign’s rollout.

From that moment, the SCF team – guided daily by Haim and Marshall – set in motion a wide-ranging and highly coordinated effort:

· Rabbinical Proclamation: A landmark statement, signed by the majority of our community Rabbis, declared that registering to vote is both an obligation and a mitzvah, energizing the effort with moral clarity.

· School-Based Registration: Magen David Yeshivah, under the leadership of Gladys Haddad, mandated voter registration among its parent body in order to receive class cards. The result was extraordinary: a 99 percent registration rate in just three days. Yeshivot nationwide have since reached out, seeking to replicate this model.

· Synagogue Engagement: Congregation Shaare Zion instituted a policy requiring voter registration to reserve High Holiday seats, demonstrating the alignment of our institutions behind this effort.

· Community Registration Tables: Under the leadership of Linda Ebani, along with Rebecca Harary, volunteers have been running registration drives at summer events, synagogues, and local stores across Brooklyn, engaging our community at every level.

· Door-to-Door Canvassing: Joey Saban led a professional door-to-door campaign that has registered significant numbers of voters directly at their doorsteps.

· Direct Texting Campaign: Most recently, the group launched a major texting initiative targeting unregistered voters. In just a few days, the effort has registered hundreds, and it is rapidly expanding to registering thousands.

Together, these initiatives have already registered thousands of voters in just weeks. The goal is to register many thousands more before November, ensuring that our community’s voice is heard loud and clear in this critical mayoral election, and all future elections.

This campaign is a testament to what can be achieved when vision, leadership, and unity come together. The extraordinary dedication of Haim Dabah and Marshall Aronow, combined with the tireless efforts of the SCF team, has inspired a wave of civic engagement unlike anything our community has seen before.

With the upcoming mayoral election, we are living through uncertain times that call for decisive efforts – and community leadership is stepping up to the plate. With the continued energy and unity behind this campaign, the Sephardic Community is poised to play a significant role in shaping the future of our city and state.

Once Upon A Thyme – Balsamic Roasted Chicken with Farro

By Adina Yaakov

This flavorful, Mediterranean inspired recipe is the perfect one-pan meal. Juicy chicken roasts on a bed of farro, leafy greens, olives, and sun-dried tomatoes, soaking up a tangy balsamic and lemon marinade as it cooks. The flavors are incredibly rich and satisfying, and the best part is that it bakes together in one dish, making cleanup easy.

Ingredients

● 2 lbs. chicken breasts

● 2 cups farro

● 4 cups boiling water

● 2 tbsp chicken consommé

● 9 cloves garlic, minced (divided)

● 10 sun-dried tomatoes

● ½ cup pitted Kalamata olives

● 1 purple onion, sliced

● ½ cup lemon juice

● ½ cup balsamic vinegar

● 2 cups baby spinach or kale

● 2 tbsp salt (divided)

● ½ tsp black pepper

● Fresh parsley, for garnish

Instructions

1. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit.

2. In a large bowl, combine the boiling water, chicken consommé, balsamic vinegar, lemon juice, 6 cloves of minced garlic, and 1 tablespoon of salt. Stir well, then add the farro and let it soak briefly while you prepare the chicken.

3. Sprinkle the chicken breasts with black pepper and the remaining 1 tablespoon of salt. Gently lift the skin and rub the remaining 3 cloves of minced garlic underneath.

4. Transfer the soaked farro and its liquid into a large oven-safe baking dish or sheet pan. Spread the baby spinach evenly over the farro. Place the chicken breasts on top.

5. Evenly distribute the sliced purple onion, sun dried tomatoes, and Kalamata olives around the chicken.

6. Cover the dish tightly with foil and bake for 45 minutes. Then uncover and bake for an additional 15 minutes on 450 degrees Fahrenheit until the chicken is fully cooked and slightly golden. Add a splash of water if the farro looks too dry.

7. Remove from the oven and let rest for a few minutes.

8. Garnish with fresh parsley and serve warm.

Vaccines, Variants, and Vulnerability: What Every Parent Needs to Know

By Stuart H. Ditchek, MD Board Certified Pediatrician Faculty, NYU School of Medicine

As a follow up to last month’s article (The Reality of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases), I have been asked to continue the discussion regarding the importance of childhood vaccinations and why parents should understand this complex issue. In addition, I will provide a follow up on the current Israel measles outbreak.

Unfortunately, as of the end of August, Israel saw a reported 700 cases of measles over three months resulting in the death of two toddlers to date. The majority of hospitalized seriously sick children are unimmunized. Historically, both Israel and New York have had outbreaks in similar time periods as there is so much travel between the two locations, especially for the New York Jewish community. Unfortunately, with the number of families who have sought out falsified vaccination records recently, we do not currently know how many children in our communities are unimmunized or under immunized. This makes the risk to susceptible individuals much greater.

Why Vaccine Protocols Have Changed

Understanding historical perspectives and how many of the vaccine protocols have developed is an important part of good parenting. Let’s take a few examples of how recommendations evolved as science advances over time. For example, flu vaccines are recommended now for all children over six months, whereas years back it was only recommended to vaccinate the highest risk individuals such as those with heart or respiratory disease. The answer lies in the complication rates over the past 20 plus years and how it has changed.

In 2010, the flu vaccine was added to the annual recommendations for all children. The two factors that changed the recommendations were bacterial secondary complications and the post swine flu lessons of 2009.

Years back, there was minimal bacterial resistance throughout the United States. Over time with the overuse of antibiotics, we have seen a tremendous emergence of MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staph Aureus). This dangerous aggressive bacteria finds the most susceptible hosts and wreaks havoc on certain patients.

Flu Patients Have Gotten Sicker

The research supports the fact that as MRSA and other bacterial strains became dominant, those sick with flu were getting hospitalized at much higher rates. The majority of flu complications are the result of secondary pneumonias, many with MRSA. This type of complication often leads to hospitalization and serious complications including respiratory failure.

ICU-level care became more common for the unimmunized. Many of the sickest patients suffered terrible outcomes including deaths and amputations as a result of the severe infections. In children, the overwhelming majority of hospitalized children with flu complications are those not immunized. The fact remains that immunized children have a dramatically lower complication rate specifically for hospitalization.

While the flu vaccine is approximately 60 percent effective to prevent getting the flu, it is more than 90 percent effective in preventing hospitalizations in children. The other factor that has evolved and made the seasonal flu much more serious is the effects of the H1N1 swine flu variant.

Swine Flu

The novel swine flu variant appeared in the late spring of 2009. Existing flu vaccines were ineffective against this variant. That year, many pregnant and postpartum women were very sick and hospitalized with swine flu. Babies were being delivered by C-section in the ICUs as the mothers were too critical to risk transport to the operating room.

Why did the new variants cause such serious disease? Firstly, pregnant and postpartum women lose immunity to many infections as a result of a normal pregnancy. The other factor is related to these newer variants effects on the bone marrow causing an inability to fight infections. The current flu variants cause very significant and often unnoticed suppression of the white blood cells originating in the bone marrow. This suppression can lead to the inability to fight off the bacterial complications seen in flu, especially pneumonias.

In other words, this was not your mother’s seasonal flu that mostly affected those at highest risk. Flu vaccination is critical for all children especially the youngest ones. In my practice, flu vaccine compliance has been very good as the result of efforts to educate families. However, since the recent anti-vaccine movement has erupted, this has become more difficult.

RSV Vaccine

Let’s look at the RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) vaccine, which is now a standard recommendation for all babies either after delivery or by the mother receiving it in the third trimester.

RSV is a very dangerous respiratory virus that affects tens of thousands of babies annually, often resulting in hospitalization and sometimes, unfortunately, death. This virus is benign to most healthy older children and adults (with the exception of seniors) but is very serious in newborns.

In the past two years, a recommendation came about to give babies these monoclonal antibodies to prevent complications. Those who object to vaccines would have you believe that this is a brand new vaccine and not studied. That is false. RSV vaccine is a passive antibody administration, much like the monoclonal infusions that saved so many during early COVID. There is no immune response required by the infant. The vaccine simply provides long-acting antibodies to the infection that lasts for a period of months.

This monoclonal antibody is not new. Pediatricians have been giving a product called Synagis to preemies and high risk infants since 1999. Synagis is very similar to the RSV monoclonal product (Beyfortus) except that it is a short acting antibody that requires five doses per season rather than one, as required for Beyfortus. Since the introduction of the RSV monoclonal vaccine, hospitalizations have been dramatically reduced. It is very well tolerated with minimal side effects as the baby is not required to actively mount an immune response. The antibody is given to protect the baby during RSV season in the first year of life and in the second year for higher risk babies. It is very important for parents to understand the critical nature of how this simple passive immunization with monoclonal antibody is saving lives.

Chickenpox Vaccine

One more vaccine innovation that did not exist until the early 1990s is the vaccine for Varicella (chickenpox), initially developed for use in high risk children recovering from cancer or other immunosuppressive treatments.

The recommendations changed in the early 1990s to now give this vaccine to healthy children. This is due to the complication rates from MRSA and other bacterial risks. When I was a child, chickenpox was a rite of passage with minimal bacterial secondary complications. Once antibiotic resistance and MRSA came about in the late 1980s, we started seeing children hospitalized with bacterial sepsis (blood infections), cellulitis (soft tissue infections), and serious complications.

The reason is that a typical child with Varicella has a large number (sometimes in the hundreds) of open wounds that are easy penetration points for bacteria such as MRSA. Once again, this is not your mother’s chickenpox of past years. As a young practitioner, it took me two years to adopt this recommendation as I wanted to see more data before using it broadly with my patients. It was clear that the vaccine led to dramatic hospitalization reduction and the associated complications. Is it as perfect as natural immunity? No. But the benefits far outweigh the risks. Once again, in my private practice, I have not seen a single case of chickenpox since the mid-1990s.

Mercury in Vaccines?

As you can see, understanding disease processes and solutions is critical for parents. I am often asked if vaccines contain thimerosal (ethyl mercury), a preservative. The thimerosal scare is a myth often touted by anti-vaccine activists. In my 35-year history, my practice has never used the only thimerosal containing vaccine, which is the multi-dose flu vial.

These vials are primarily used in countries where storage and shipping of single dose vaccines is difficult, such as third world countries. More importantly, ethyl mercury is excreted easily in all humans and not stored in tissues. Methyl mercury present in carnivorous fish (i.e. tuna) and present in certain environmental exposures is potentially toxic. In the book that I authored in 2001 on integrative pediatrics, Healthy Child Whole Child (Harper Collins Publishers), I advise no fish during pregnancy and limited carnivorous fish for all children and adults in general. Mercury is not an issue in childhood vaccinations in almost all medical practices.

In Conclusion

In closing, be smart and don’t let the politics of vaccination influence your decision process. We have an obligation to protect our own children and all children in our communities. When we allow those who refuse vaccinations into our schools, it puts many at risk. I have many families with children who are in the highest risk categories in schools all over Brooklyn and Manhattan. These are children recovering from cancer, immune disorders who are on immunosuppressive therapies, and others.

They must often wait until their immune systems recover from the effects of their treatments to receive boosters or get re-immunized after their immune system gets washed out by the treatments. That makes them very susceptible. The parents of those children are terrified right now as they are well aware that there are those in the community who have falsified their children’s vaccination status. That is not who we are as a community.

Please listen to your doctor and do the right thing to protect all children.

Voices of Vision

“Jeffrey and I have been raising our family and working together for over two decades. My family is Ashkenazi Hungarian and his is Egyptian. Our home is the best mix of both Ashkenaz and Sephardic customs and food. We run a home health care company that we built together.”

~~ Agnes ~~

Ellen Geller Kamaras

Please meet Agnes Shemia.

Agnes exudes positive energy, warmth, and an upbeat perspective. She is definitely a people person.

Agnes describes herself as giving, hardworking, diligent, and relentless. Agnes is both driven and is committed to her family, business, and community.

Agnes was born in Hungary and moved to New York with her parents, Susan and Leslie Gollender, at the tender age of one. Her grandparents were Holocaust survivors. Agnes speaks fluent Hungarian. She is very close with her brother, Alen, who is five years younger and lives in New Jersey.

Growing up in Mill Basin, Brooklyn, Agnes attended Shulamith Elementary school until sixth grade. She then transferred to Yeshiva of Flatbush and studied there through high school.

“I was shy as an adolescent and became less so as I got older. By the time I graduated college I was a total extrovert.”

Agnes greatly enjoyed her Judaic and Hebrew classes and preferred science to math and history. Languages came easy to her, and she was an above average student. Agnes was very social, however, and admits to chatting a lot in class.

After high school, Agnes studied at New York University and majored in speech-language pathology (SLP). Why speech? “I always loved medicine, and I thought I could be a great teacher. SLP seemed like a great combination of the two.”

Family

Agnes was introduced to her naseeb, Jeffrey Shemia, of Egyptian descent, through her high school friend, Debbie. The couple have been married for twenty-six years and combined forces to create a family and build successful home health care companies operating in New York, Florida, and Missouri.

Their children are Victor (25), Esther (22), Jacob (18), and Sophie (16). Victor attended NYU Stern School of business and is working in the family health care business. Esther is studying nursing at NYU and is married to Samuel Krost, who is like a son to the Shemias. Jacob is starting his sophomore year at NYU and Sophie is a junior at Ramaz High School.

Agnes and Jeffrey raised their children in Brooklyn and spent summers in Deal. Their office is in Brooklyn. As they started their family, the Shemias moved to Mill Basin to be close to Agnes’ parents. “My career would not have flourished if not for my parents. They helped us with our kids tremendously.”

With their youngest in school in Manhattan, Agnes and Jeffrey are planning a move from Brooklyn to the Upper East Side.

Their Journey

As a newlywed, Agnes completed her master’s degree in SLP at Lehman College. She has always preferred working with adults. Her patients were primarily stroke victims or had traumatic brain injuries.

It was Jeffrey’s idea and dream to build a home health care company. An avid newspaper reader, he recognized in his early twenties that the aging baby boomers would need and desire home health care. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services cited that by 2050 those over age 85 are projected to more than triple, and an estimated 70 percent of older adults reaching age 65 are expected to require, in their lifetime, some type of long-term care assistance, such as help with bathing, dressing, meal preparation, medication management, housekeeping, and transportation.

Jeffrey worked in Agnes’ father diamond business and Agnes practiced SLP at outpatient rehabilitation centers. They worked hard to build up savings to realize their dream. A few short years after graduation, Agnes and Jeffrey built their home health care business one patient at a time.

After many failed and challenging attempts, the Shemias were licensed by the NYS Department of Health. They opened their first home health care business, HCS Home Care, in 2004, providing non-skilled services. In 2017, they expanded their scope and purchased Girling, which includes a range of skilled services, nursing, SLP, physical therapy and occupational therapy.

Approximately a year ago, HCS-Girling entered into a strategic partnership with Pinnacle, one of the largest private Medicare certified providers of skilled home health and extended care services in Florida.

Passions

On a personal level, Agnes is most proud of her children and family.

Professionally, she is thrilled with the business she and Jeffrey created. Agnes loves the purposeful work that she does.

She is impassioned about health care and truly enjoys helping people.

“Unfortunately, there will always be a need for home health care. Fortunately, with the advances in technology, we have been able to take care of so many patients, their caregivers, and families.”

Agnes’s biggest challenge is finding the right people to take care of the patients. She is always looking for new opportunities and new creative and smart talent.

During the pandemic the Shemias went to their office daily. If their staff was required to work and be there for their clients, then they were there, too.

Agnes explained how HCS-Girling is different than other agencies – it’s about their adherence to compliance with government regulations and also her accessibility. “I can be reached on the phone and help a family find the right caregiver. I genuinely care. I am aware and appreciative that my secret to success is Hashem.”

Balance

“I am obsessed with my children. I don’t want to miss out on being a mom, a wife, a daughter, a sister, a hostess, and a community member. I do what needs to get done. I love to cook and entertain. Chicken soup for Shabbat and cholent parties are a must. Juggling business and family is challenging but greatly rewarding.”

Agnes is grateful that she and Jeffrey have very similar values, and they are on the same page regarding parenting. “We work a lot, talk shop a lot, and our kids grew up in the business. Both my daughters want to have careers.”

The Shemias appeared on a Propel panel called Couples Who Work. Watching the interview, one could see the love and effort they both gave and continue to contribute to their children and the business.

Agnes is happy that she was able to practice SLP for several years and has grown in her time management skills, organization skills, and as a clinical director and administrator of HCS-Girling. “I don’t work less but I work with more intention.”

Jeffrey is proud of how he and Agnes partner on both fronts, at work and at home, and he confesses that achieving work-life balance is not easy and requires a lot of effort.

Community is essential to Agnes. She is involved with SBH, Propel, various mikvehs, and helping Chabad houses all over the world. She does not say no when organizations reach out to her.

Agnes acknowledged that she is not so good at relaxing, but she does enjoy cooking and she loves music.

Tips for Young Adults

Don’t give up and don’t take yourself too seriously. Do what you love, and it won’t feel like work. Stay humble especially when you are successful – it’s not only because of you.

You can connect with Agnes at Ashemia@hcshomecare.com. Please check out her Instagram pages @HCS Home Care, @Girling Healthcare, @Extended Home Care and @Pinnacle Home Care.

Ellen Geller Kamaras, CPA/MBA, is an International Coach Federation (ICF) Associate Certified Coach. Her coaching specialties include life, career, and dating coaching. Ellen can be contacted at ellen@lifecoachellen.com.

Community Highlights – New Torah High School Opens at the Jersey Shore

A transformative new institution is opening its doors at the Jersey Shore: Jersey Shore Yeshiva (JSY) – a premier yeshiva high school for boys dedicated to raising the next generation of Torah-driven leaders.

JSY’s mission is to inspire and cultivate Bnei Torah who are proud of their identity, grounded in Torah and mitzvot, and deeply connected to Am Yisrael and Eretz Yisrael. The school offers a warm, structured, and forward-thinking environment where each talmid is encouraged to grow – spiritually, intellectually, and emotionally.

Blending rigorous Torah learning with a dynamic general studies curriculum, JSY fosters critical thinking, effective communication, and inner confidence – skills that will serve students in the beit midrash, in their careers, and throughout their lives.

Under the guidance of leading rabbis and educators of the Jersey Shore community – Rabbi Shlomo Diamond, Rabbi Saul Kassin, Rabbi Joey Dayan, and Rabbi Joseph Dana – the Yeshiva is poised to fill a crucial gap in the community.

“An institution like JSY has long been missing,” said Rabbi Diamond. “This Yeshiva isn’t just a school – it’s an investment in the future of Klal Yisrael.”

NY Supreme Court Halts Yeshiva Closures

A New York State Supreme Court judge has ruled that six Brooklyn yeshivas are allowed to remain open while working to meet state education standards.

Last month, Judge Richard McNally issued an injunction after the New York State Education Department revoked the schools’ accreditation. The department claimed the yeshivas – located in

Borough Park and Williamsburg – failed to provide instruction in math, science, and English that was “substantially equivalent” to public schools.

A new law passed over the summer allows private schools to create alternative “pathways” to meet state requirements. However, the Education Department argued the yeshivas were ineligible because they were already deemed noncompliant when the law passed. Parents were told students would need to find new schools for the 2025–26 year.

McNally ruled the state acted “contrary to law” by asserting the yeshivas were no longer schools once found noncompliant. He said they remained schools – albeit ones needing improvement – and are therefore eligible to pursue the new compliance pathways.

The decision means the yeshivas can stay open during the review process and continue receiving public services like transportation and special education.

Agudath Israel, which supported the schools, said the ruling sets an important precedent: “If, in the future, any school is declared non-equivalent, it can still choose to avail itself of a pathway. The ‘non-school’ argument was soundly defeated.”

The Last Step Before the Siyum

The Olam HaTorah is abuzz with anticipation as multitudes of Oraysa lomdim take their final strides toward a siyum on Seder Moed. With the beginning of Masechet Chagigah, tens of thousands across the globe are embarking on the last leg of a journey that began nearly six years ago. And now, for the first time in Oraysa’s history, a global community of lomdei Torah stands on the threshold of completing an entire seder of Shas together.

Kehillot across the U.S., Eretz Yisrael, and Europe are preparing to converge for a historic ma’amad kavod haTorah to celebrate this milestone. This will be a once-in-a-generation aseifa – not only marking an ending, but celebrating a shared journey and the start of something even greater.

The journey of Seder Moed has been extraordinary, but the accomplishment that awaits is greater still. With gedolim, roshei yeshiva, and thousands united in celebration, the Siyum promises to be monumental. Each daf of Chagigah is more than learning – it is a contribution to a global accomplishment, a chance to write yourself into the history of Oraysa.

To learn more about the Siyum, please go to oraysasiyum.org.

Living Emunah – Did You Anticipate?

The pasuk in Parashat Balak (Bamidbar 24:17) says, “A star will emerge from Yaakov [and will rule the entire world].” The Targum explains that this is a prophecy regarding Mashiach. He is called a star, says the Maharal, because of his lofty level.

The belief in the coming of Mashiach is one of our Thirteen Principles of Faith. We are supposed to reaffirm every day, “I believe with a complete faith that Mashiach will come.” Not only do we have to believe, but we also must actively anticipate his arrival. Chazal (Shabbat 31a) tell us that this is one of the questions we will be asked after we leave this world: “Did you anticipate the salvation? Were you anxiously awaiting his coming?”

Our Rabbis did us a great favor by incorporating into every Amidah a berachah about anticipating Mashiach: “We have anticipated Your salvation throughout the day.” If we say these words with understanding and belief, then we will be able to answer that question affirmatively.

The days of Mashiach will be the greatest era in history. He will be a regular mortal, like everyone else. As is written (Yeshayahu 11:1), “A staff will emerge from the stump of Yishai.” He will descend from the branch of Yishai [father of David HaMelech, which is the tribe of Yehudah]. In every single generation, someone is born who could be Mashiach. He will be a master of Torah wisdom and possess sterling character traits. If the generation is worthy, Hashem will send Eliyahu HaNavi to anoint him as king.

Rav Chaim Vital (Likutei Torah) writes that he will receive an extra neshamah from Heaven that will imbue him with extraordinary siyata d’Shmaya. He will have more wisdom than Shlomo HaMelech. The Midrash Tanchuma (12) says that he will be greater than even Moshe Rabbeinu.

When people hear him speak, they will all be drawn to his wisdom. Every nation will appoint him their new leader, until he becomes the leader of the entire world. There will be unprecedented unity and peace. Not only will there be an end to war, but no one will even train to be a soldier. No country will need a military, because everyone will be united and at peace with one another.

The world will be filled with the wisdom of Hashem. We’ll be able to understand the hidden secrets of Creation and why Hashem runs the world the way He does.

The Maharal (Chapter 7) writes that the spiritual level of the world will be as it was before the sin of Adam HaRishon. The Bet HaMikdash will be rebuilt. It will be a glorious time of pure happiness. The streets will be filled with young children playing. Even the animals will cease to harm. There will be no more fear. We will be free to delve into the wisdom of Hashem.

The pasuk (Daniel 12:2) states, “Many of those who sleep in the dusty earth will awaken. Many of those who have passed on will once again come back to life. Families will be reunited. The great luminaries of all times will once again walk this earth. In the merit of our anticipation of these glorious days, may we see them, speedily in our days. Amen.

The Enduring Legacy of Sephardic Bikur Holim: A Journey Through History

In the heart of Seattle, Washington, a vibrant legacy endures with the Sephardic Bikur Holim Congregation. Established in 1914 by Levantine Jews from western Turkey, it continues to this day.

The incredible story of Sephardic Bikur Holim began in Medieval Spain. Then, during the Golden Age of Spanish Jewry, it all came to a tragic close with the Edict of Expulsion in 1492, issued by Ferdinand and Isabella. The Jews were forced to flee their homeland, and the refugees found a welcoming sanctuary in the Ottoman Empire. The Sultan, sensing an opportunity, was eager to take advantage of the Spaniard’s misjudgment. He opened his ports and cities to the refugees. They settled into their new homes and flourished there while keeping to their customs. As they settled across the Ottoman Empire, they not only survived, but thrived, while preserving a legacy that spans centuries, and through it all, they remained steadfast to their heritage.

After World War I, these Jews came to Seattle looking for a better life as well as to escape the crumbling Ottoman Empire. Our ancestors brought with them a treasure trove of culture, including their own unique language (Ladino), cherished customs, distinct minhagim, Turkish foods, and beautiful music (Romanzas), along with a deep well of religious knowledge.

Today, the Sephardic Bikur Holim community continues to honor its distinct practices rooted in ancient traditions. This connection to a shared past is not a relic but a living, vibrant force, expressed through unique liturgical practices (hazzanut), a love of family, and a profound respect for the Torah.

Our congregation is seeking a new spiritual leader to guide its next chapter. Over the past 100 years there have only been four Rabbinic leaders.

If you, or someone you know, are interested in making a big impact on a close-knit Sephardic community, this is an opportunity to make a real difference in a beautiful city.

To find out more about the community and our congregation, we invite you to visit our website at www.SBHSEATTLE.ORG. Here you can find out more details about the position, as well as the warm and friendly Seattle Sephardic community!

Medical Halacha – IV Hydration on Yom Kippur

Charlie suffers from serious heart problems. His doctor warned him that fasting on Yom Kippur could endanger his life and instructed him to drink fluids. Troubled by the idea of drinking on this sacred day, Charlie asked me if he could use intravenous (IV) hydration instead.

His son Jack, who is generally healthy, had a bout of food poisoning and became severely dehydrated. He asked if he needs to remove his IV before the fast begins in order to observe Yom Kippur properly.

Is IV Hydration Considered Eating or Drinking?

Halachically, IV hydration is not considered eating or drinking. The Torah prohibition on Yom Kippur refers specifically to consuming food or drink through the mouth. Hydration administered intravenously bypasses this and is therefore not technically a violation of the fast.

Hacham Ovadia Yosef

Despite the technical leniency, Hacham Ovadia, zt”l,  (Chazon Ovadia Yom Kippur, p. 298) opposed the use of IV hydration on Yom Kippur when not medically necessary. He explains that while IV fluids are not halachically defined as food or drink, they should not be used unless clearly required for health reasons.

He gives three key reasons: Firstly, drinking shiurim (small amounts) provides physical and psychological comfort (ituvei da’at) to a sick person. IV hydration does not offer the same level of satisfaction. The Chachamim were deeply concerned with ensuring the comfort of the ill.

Secondly,halacha already allows eating or drinking when health is in danger. There is no halachic requirement to find artificial alternatives. Insisting on IVs could mislead people into thinking they must use IV hydration rather than eat or drink – potentially putting lives in danger if IVs aren’t available.

Lastly,inserting an IV causes minor bleeding, which constitutes an unnecessary wound – another prohibition on Yom Kippur. Since eating or drinking is already permitted in such cases, this injury is avoidable and therefore unjustified.

Hacham Ben Zion Abba Shaul

In contrast, Hacham Ben Zion Abba Shaul, zt”l,(Or LeTzion 4:15:5) held that IV hydration is halachically preferable. He argued that even drinking in shiurim is still be a biblical prohibition, especially according to the Rambam (Shevitat Assor 2:3). IV hydration, by contrast, is not a normal form of drinking and is therefore permitted. As for the bleeding involved in inserting the IV, he viewed it as an unintended and destructive act (pesik reisha d’lo nicha lei), which does not carry a Torah prohibition and is therefore preferable to drinking in shiurim.

Drinking in Shiurim

When someone must drink on Yom Kippur due to pikuach nefesh, when medically possible they should drink in shiurim (melo lugmav, about 1.3 oz or 40 ml). The required pause between sips varies by opinion, from five seconds to nine minutes. Hacham Ovadia (Yabia Omer, OC 2:31) ruled that a pause of five seconds suffices, especially if longer breaks compromise the person’s health.

When Fasting Becomes Forbidden

If fasting could endanger Charlie’s life, not only is he permitted to drink – it is a halachic obligation. In Yechaveh Daat (1:61), Hacham Ovadia writes unequivocally: “If there is concern of possible danger to his life by fasting, one must listen to the doctor and eat on Yom Kippur, because pikuach nefesh overrides the mitzvah of fasting. If the sick person is stringent and fasts nonetheless, he is not acting righteously – on the contrary, he will be punished for this.”

What Should Charlie and Jack Do?

Charlie must not fast if doing so endangers his life. Ideally, he should drink in measured amounts (shiurim). If that is not possible or safe, IV hydration is permitted. Similarly, if Charlie refuses to drink IV hydration is permitted due to pikuach nefesh. Jack, who is already connected to an IV due to dehydration, does not need to remove it before Yom Kippur. In his case, continuing hydration through the IV is fully permitted.

Some people feel guilt or shame about eating or drinking on Yom Kippur, even when halachically necessary. But we must remember: the same Hashem who commands the healthy to fast commands the very sick to eat. When halacha requires eating or drinking on Yom Kippur, doing so is not only allowed – it is amitzvah. No atonement is needed. In fact, following halacha in these cases is the highest mitzvah.

Rabbi Yehuda Finchas is a worldwide expert, lecturer and author on Medical Halacha. He heads the Torat Habayit Medical Halacha Institute. His latest book is “Brain Death in Halacha and the Tower of Babel Syndrome.” To contact Rabbi Finchas, email rabbi@torathabayit.com.