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There Is Always Another Option

Rabbi David Ashear

When Queen Esther was apprehensive about approaching Achashverosh without being invited, Mordechai told her that if she did not go, “relief and salvation shall come to the Jews from another place” (Esther 4:14). The Maharal explains the term “from another place” as a reference to Hashem. Mordechai was saying that Hashem has countless ways to bring salvation. “If you want to be the vehicle,” he told Esther, “then it will come through you. But if not, Hashem will bring it another way.”

We must keep Mordechai’s words in mind whenever we confront challenges in life. At times people say, “If I don’t get that job, then I’m finished; there are no other options”; or, “If we don’t get this order, this business can’t continue.” We are never bound to any one option. If one option does not work out, then Hashem will help in some other way. This is true when it comes to dating, as well. A person might say, “If I am not able to marry this person, then I’ll never be happy.” This is not true. Hashem can find someone else capable of making the person just as happy. It often happens that when the solution is found, we look back and say, “I can’t believe it. There were so many options and opportunities!”

We firmly believe that a person’s livelihood for the year is determined on Rosh Hashanah. Hashem has countless ways of bringing us the parnassah He decreed. If option A does not work, He can do it through option B. If that does not succeed, then there’s option C, and so on. We should never feel that we are dependent on any one source of income or means of earning a livelihood. Hashem will always get to us exactly what we are supposed to receive.

A few years ago, a certain organization was experiencing financial difficulties and needed to cut their employees’ salaries. A Rabbi who worked for the organization was earning exactly what he needed to pay his family’s bills, and now his salary was slashed by $7,000 a year. His job did not

allow any time to take on additional work to make up for the shortfall. He turned to Hashem and said, “I know my parnassah comes from You. You have many ways of sending it. Please show me the way I can make this money which I need.”

A week or two later, he received a bill in the mail from his homeowner’s insurance company. This had never happened before; the bill was always sent straight to the mortgage company. He phoned the insurance company, and the representative apologized for the error. When the Rabbi reviewed the bill, he noticed that the price seemed a bit steep. He was paying $7,000 a year for a less-than-stellar policy. After several brief phone calls, he found a different policy that offered better coverage for just $3,000. After signing up with the new plan, he received a $4,000 refund from the mortgage company for the difference. A couple of weeks later, he received a phone call from a synagogue asking if he could help lead their minyanim on Rosh Hashanah, offering $3,000 compensation. Just like that, Hashem made up the $7,000 difference.

There are many ways in which we can be helped. We should never feel limited. We have Hashem helping us, and He can help us in ways we could never imagine.

Adapted from “Living Emunah,” by Rabbi David Ashear, with permission of the copyright holders, ArtScroll / Mesorah Publications, Ltd.

Mashiah Revealed: Part X – The Messianic Era

Rabbi Eliyahu Haim Aboud

The world will undergo drastic changes following the wars of Gog Umagog and Mashiah’s arrival. In this month’s column we will attempt to paint the fascinating picture of how the world will appear and develop during the Messianic Era, based on the elaborate descriptions presented by the Prophets.

An Everlasting Redemption

Our sages tell us that our final redemption from exile in the end of days will involve more than a military triumph over the enemy nations and renewed sovereignty over our homeland, the land of Israel. This alone would not guarantee an everlasting redemption. After all, the Maccabees defeated the Greek oppressors and regained control over the land, but, as we know, their victory was relatively short-lived. During the final redemption, by contrast, Hashem will reveal to the entire world His sovereignty, glory and love for the Yehudim. The miracles He will perform and the harsh retribution He will deliver upon the wicked people of the world will bring about a fundamental and permanent change in perspective on the part of the gentile peoples. The Yehudim’s stature as Gd’s Chosen Nation will finally be recognized universally and persecution of the Yehudim will end as they are accorded the honor befitting the Almighty’s beloved people.

The prophets further describe the end of all foreign beliefs and religions after Mashiah’s arrival. The remaining gentile nations will accept upon themselves Hashem’s kingship and unite in the service of the one and only Gd. They will even make frequent pilgrimages to the Bet Hamikdash, where they will learn how to properly serve the Creator. However, they will not be considered Yehudim themselves. Moreover, the truth of Hashem’s sovereignty will be so clearly visible, that people of the world will cherish the honor of serving members of Gd’s Chosen Nation. Indeed, the Talmud teaches that one who ensures to fulfill the missva of sissit properly will be rewarded with 2,800 willing avadim (!) in the Messianic era1.

A Peaceful World

The Prophets also foretell that peace and tranquility will prevail throughout the world with the onset of the Messianic era. The world will no longer be torn by war and conflict, and nations will no longer need to obtain weaponry or train armies. The entire world will unite in perfect harmony, bound together by their shared desire to fulfill the Divine will.

The Perfect World

Our sages teach that in the beginning of creation, until Adam and Hava committed the sin of eating from the forbidden tree, the world was a far more perfect place than it is now. Firstly, Man was originally created to live in the idyllic conditions of the magnificent Garden of Eden, and was destined to live forever. At that time, the human being’s sole desire was goodness, and had no inclination to do evil. Animals, too, ate only plants and vegetation, and felt no instinct to prey on each other. It was intended that all mankind would maintain the highest possible level of prophecy, capable of conversing with Hashem freely, without restriction. Women gave birth on the same day they conceived, and did not have to endure the discomfort of pregnancy and labor. (In fact, Hava gave birth to Kayin and Hevel on the day she was created.) Similarly, trees and plants bore their fruits the day they were planted.

This all changed, of course, after Adam and Hava sinned. However, our sages tell us that in the Messianic Era, the world will return to its originally intended state of perfection. Man will no longer be inclined to do evil, and will instead be driven only toward righteousness and devotion to Hashem. Death will be eliminated from the earth, and the Yehudim will be elevated to such a high spiritual level that everyone – men, women and children – will receive prophecies from Hashem. (Different views exist as to whether death will be completely eliminated, or only among the righteous.)

According to many opinions, the animal kingdom will also return to its primordial state, at least in the land of Israel, and animals will no longer prey on one another. (Others maintain that the state of animals will not change in the Messianic Era.) Women will bear children on the day they conceive, and trees and plants will bear their fruits the day they are planted. All Yehudim will have all their needs cared for, and they will lack nothing. They will all immerse themselves exclusively in Torah study and the fulfillment of all the missvot. The world will thus return to its primordial state of perfection, and Hashem’s original intended purpose in the world’s creation will finally be realized.

The Land of Israel after Mashiah

Our sages describe the unparalleled splendor and glory that the land of Israel and its capital city, Jerusalem, will achieve after the coming of Mashiah. No foreign houses of worship will remain, and the entire land will be purified. The city of Jerusalem will be magnificently rebuilt, with huge diamonds and precious stones scattered throughout the city and freely available to all. According to one Midrash, the city will be surrounded with three massive walls of silver, gold, and precious stones with an additional wall of fire surrounding them. Mashiah, who will be a powerful king from the royal house of David, will reside in Jerusalem and rule over the entire world, making Jerusalem the capital and center of the earth. The land of Israel will encompass an area more than double the size of the present State of Israel; and according to the Midrash, it will actually expand immeasurably.

Rebuilding the Bet Hamikdash

The arrival of Mashiah will also bring the long-awaited reconstruction of the Bet Hamikdash, which was destroyed nearly two millennia ago. The Temple will be restored to its previous state of glory, and the sacrificial offerings will be reinstated. The Yehudim will once again come to the Mikdash together as a nation three times each year on the pilgrimage festivals (Pesah, Shavuot, and Sukkot).

The rabbinic scholars debate the question of who will build the third Temple. Some say that Gd Himself will build the structure, which will descend readymade from the heavens in a pillar of fire. Others, however, contend that Mashiah will rebuild the Temple. There are some who claim that both views are correct: Mashiah will first rebuild the Temple, but then a spiritual Temple will descend from heaven and enter the Temple constructed by Mashiah, just as a soul enters a physical body.

Free Choice and Reward

The purpose of man’s creation, in its most simplistic description, is to resist the temptation to sin and act righteously, whereby he will be deserving of eternal reward in the world to come. This gives rise to the obvious question as to the purpose of man’s existence in the Messianic Era, when there will be no inclination toward evil. What will be the purpose of man during this period of time?

This question led the Ramban (Rabbi Moshe Nachmanides, Spain, 1194-1270) to claim that there will indeed be no reward given for serving Hashem during the Messianic Era, when people will not have free choice to do evil. (Remarkably, the Ramban calls the time of Mashiah “the unwanted days,” because they will not offer the possibility of earning eternal reward!) Others, however, disagree, and explain that even in the times of Mashiah, people will endure spiritual challenges, though not to the same extent as they do now. Although people will not experience an internal drive to do evil, there will be some sort of external force luring them to sin. Just as the snake lured Adam to violate Hashem’s command, similarly, in the Messianic era we will be exposed to external sinful pressures. We will earn eternal reward in the next world by resisting these pressures and remaining faithful to the Almighty.

The Messianic Era and Olam Haba

Many different opinions exist as to the duration of the Messianic Era. Some scholars say that this period will last for only 400 years, while others claim that it will endure for 2,000 years. After this period, the world will reach the stage called Olam Haba – the world to come, when all of existence will be transformed into an entirely new entity – which we will discuss at length in next month’s installment.

Next Issue: Tehiyat Hametim and Olam Haba

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1 Masechet Shabbat 32

The Lighter Side – June 2021

Pie in the Sky

Rabbi and Rebbetzin Jacobson invited their new neighbors, the Applebaums, for Shabbat dinner. Not wanting to go empty handed Mrs. Applebaum baked an apple pie and brought it over. Rebbetzin Jacobson appreciated the gesture and happily served it at the Shabbos table. But when dessert came and she took a bite, it was clear from the first moment that the pie was terrible. She looked over at her husband the rabbi and he, too, could hardly conceal his disgust. As soon as the Applebaum’s left, the Jacobsons threw the pie out immediately.

Now Rebbetzin Jacobson had a tradition of writing thank you notes to anyone who brought over a gift. As the same time, she was a very honest person and couldn’t say anything that was untrue. So, she sent a note to Mrs. Applebaum which read: “Thank you very much for the apple pie. Something like that doesn’t last very long in our house!”

Pnina K.

The Importance of Charity

Mr. Cohen gives $1 every week to a particular beggar in his town. One week he sees the beggar and gives him only 25 cents. The beggar is indignant and complains, “Why did you give me only 25 cents?”

Mr. Cohen replies: “My business was bad last week.”

The beggar responds: “So you had a bad week and I have to suffer?”

Gladys A.

Doctor, Doctor

A mechanic was removing a cylinder-head from the motor of a Harley motorcycle when he spotted his cardiologist, Dr. Simon Goldstein, in his shop. Dr. Goldstein was there waiting for the service manager to come take a look at his bike when the mechanic shouted across the garage “Hey Doc, want to take a look at this?”

Goldstein, a bit surprised, walked over to where the mechanic was working on the motorcycle. The mechanic straightened up, wiped his hands on a rag and asked, “So Doc, look at this engine. I open its heart, take the valves out, repair any damage, and then put them back in, and when I finish, it works just like new.

“So how come I make such a small salary – and you get the really big bucks? You and I are doing basically the same work!”

Dr. Goldstein paused, smiled, and leaned over, then whispered to the mechanic, “’Try doing it with the engine running.”

Leba

A Success Story

A young man asked Morris, an old wealthy man, how he made his money.

Morris took off his glasses and said, “Well, son, it was 1932 during the heart of the Great Depression. I was down to my last nickel.”

“So, I invested that nickel in an apple. I spent the entire day polishing the apple and, at the end of the day, I sold the apple for ten cents.”

“The next morning, I invested those ten cents in two apples. I spent the entire day polishing them and sold them at 5:00 pm for 20 cents. I continued this system for a month, by the end of which I’d accumulated the sum of $1.60…”

“Then my wife’s Uncle Bernie died and left us two million dollars.”

Harry L.

Strictly Business

Sammy and Isaac haven’t seen each other in a while. One day they happen to meet on the street. They exchange pleasantries when Isaac says to Sammy, “How come you didn’t ask me how business is?”

“I’m sorry,” replies Sammy. “So, how’s business?”

“Oy – don’t ask.”

Elliot H.

Big Name

A visitor to Israel attended a concert at the Moscovitz Auditorium and he was quite impressed with the architecture and acoustics.

He inquired of the tour guide, “Is this magnificent auditorium named after Chaim Moscovitz, the famous Talmudic scholar?”

“No,” replied the guide. “It is named after Sam Moscovitz, the writer.”

“Never heard of him. What did he write?”

“A check,” replied the guide.

Nathan H.

Career Advice

Sol Greenwood is retiring from the garment business and leaving it to his son Stuart.

“It’s all yours now son,” Sol says. “I’ve made a good living. You know why? Because of two principles that I’ve always lived by: honestly and wisdom. Honesty is very important. If you promise the goods by the first of April, no matter what happens in the shop you’ve got to deliver them by the first of April.”

“Sure Pop,” Stuart says. “And what about wisdom?”

“Stuey, the wisest thing you can do: don’t make any promises.”

Lawrence G.

Strange Smarts

Yankele the shoemaker thinks that he is the wisest person in the town, when in actuality, he is the most foolish. In fact, the town folk tell him on a daily basis that he is a fool. One day Yankele hears the rabbi quote from the Bible that the Almighty protects the foolish. Yankele decides that this is his opportunity. “I’ll jump off the highest building in town. If the Almighty protects me then I am truly a fool, but I won’t get hurt, and if I get hurt then I’ll have proven to all that I am a wise man.” Off he goes, and he jumps off the roof of the town’s only three-story building. Of course, he falls badly and breaks many bones. While the town folk rush him to the hospital they hear him moaning, “I am not just a wise man. I am a genius!”

Marty T.

The Air up There

Aboard an El Al flight from America to Israel, Esther was taking her very first flight to visit her children and grandchildren who has just made aliyah (moved to the Holy Land). They had only been aloft a few minutes when the old lady complained to the stewardess that her ears were popping.

The girl smiled and gave the older woman some chewing gum, assuring her that many people experience the same discomfort.

When they landed in Tel Aviv, Esther thanked the stewardess. “Thank you very much for the chewing gum sweetie,” she said, “but tell me, how do I get it out of my ears?”

David M.

Get Rich Quick

A poor man managed to get an appointment with a wealthy Jewish philanthropist by insisting that he had a foolproof way for the man to make 5 million dollars.

“So let me hear your great idea,” said the philanthropist.

“It’s very simple,” replied the pauper. “I understand that when your daughter gets married, you’re planning on giving her a dowry of 10 million dollars.”

“Nu,” said the philanthropist.

“So, I’ve come to tell you that I’m willing marry her for half the amount!”

Jaqueline F.

A Pain in the Hand

Mrs. Cohen has been suffering from arthritis. On the advice of her daughter-in-law, she goes to see Dr. Rubinstein, a specialist.

After a long visit, Dr. Rubinstein prescribes some medication and sends Mrs. Cohen on her way.

After a few weeks, Dr. Rubinstein calls Mrs. Cohen saying, “Mrs. Cohen, your check came back.”

Mrs. Cohen answers, “So did my arthritis!”

Sara Schenirer Offers Affordable High-Level Education with a Twist

Edele Schwekey grew up in Long Branch, New Jersey and dreamed of becoming an ABA therapist. Although her older sister, Judy, found fulfillment as an accountant, Edele was looking for something different. She dreamed of working with children on the Autism spectrum and bringing in a generous salary to support her growing family.

Edele realized she would need to first earn both a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree to fulfill her goal. She was not afraid of the hard work ahead of her or the time commitment. What scared her was the expense of such an education and the specter of spending decades paying back student loans.

Edele was interested in studying at Sara Schenirer Institute. However, like all frum degree programs, Sara Schenirer partnered only with New York colleges and this severely limited the amount of financial aid a New Jersey student could receive. Federal financial aid is available to students irrespective of location, but state-based financial aid is only awarded to in-state students attending in-state colleges. As a Long Branch resident, Edele was not eligible for full financial aid. This meant that she and others in her situation often had no choice but to pay far more than they could afford or to forgo earning a degree and the opportunity a degree would provide, allowing one to earn a stable parnassah.

New Arrangement Makes Financial Aid Accessible for All

The good news is that young ladies like Edele no longer face this problem. Just nine months ago, in July 2020, Sara Schenirer announced a new and exciting partnership with St. Peter’s University, a New Jersey institution of higher education, so that New Jersey students could receive the full amount of financial aid grants. This would ensure that every eligible student could receive her degree without paying any, or only very low, tuition costs. This is because the combination of federal and NJ financial aid often covers the full cost of a degree program. Sara Schenirer also arranged that even students who are not eligible for financial aid would be eligible for significant scholarships to offset the cost of earning a degree.

“Having observed New Jersey students struggle to afford a degree for so many years, we were determined to change that in a very significant way,” said Mrs. Batsheva Shonek, longtime Director of Sara Schenirer. “Our new partnership with SPU is a real game-changer. They worked with us to ensure that students receive full financial aid, or in the case of students who are not eligible, exceptionally large scholarships. This means that students will pay either nothing, or relatively small sums for what would otherwise be an expensive degree.”

Mrs. Shonek added that the senior leadership of Sara Schenirer from the president on down were all highly supportive of this effort. “They took a personal interest in our community and were committed to finding a solution to the problem. Every cost-saving measure that we could think of was embraced enthusiastically by the president, provost, and program deans.”

According to Mrs. Aidella Avtzon, the Academic Director, the college has been very receptive to her oversight, and equally flexible in their requirements. “I work closely with the deans of each program to recommend professors from within the religious community. Of course, they must meet the college’s hiring standards, but that’s not an obstacle. We have many outstanding professionals within our community and the college is enthusiastic about bringing them on board to teach the Sara Schenirer students.”

Bachelor’s in Education & Special Education

Although the partnership was only formalized in July, in Fall 2020 Sara Schenirer began their first program through SPU with a surprisingly large cohort of students. “We offered a BA in Education and a Special Education program that offers full NJ certification at the bachelor’s level,” explained Mrs. Chumie Meisels, New Jersey coordinator. “Whereas New York requires educators to have a bachelor’s and master’s degree, New Jersey does not. They require only a bachelor’s degree in education, and students receive full NJ certification at the undergraduate level. This eliminates the need for extra schooling and greatly reduces the cost since master’s degree students are not eligible for financial aid grants, only loans.”

Sophie*, a current student in the program, shared that her experience at Sara Schenirer has been thrilling. “The coursework is definitely challenging, but we’re learning so much and gaining real skills. I can see the difference these skills make in my classroom where I perform fieldwork. But the really exciting thing is that I will only need a bachelor’s degree to gain my certification. My friends who went elsewhere needed to earn a bachelor’s and a master’s degree.”

Education, Accounting, Psychology, & Business

Following their successful launch, Sara Schenirer is now opening the program to all post-high school students and adding multiple fields.

Students can choose from among four bachelor’s degree programs:

  • BA in Education & Special Education
  • BA in Psychology
  • BS in Accounting
  • BS in Business Management

Each program features the same expansive financial aid and scholarship options, and all can be completed in just three semesters, with the exception of education and special education, which take a bit longer.

Each of these undergraduate degrees are great options. Students interested in pursuing a career in accounting have been thrilled with the BS in Accounting program. Students planning to enter the world of business would find the BS in Business Management a great choice.

The real prize, however, is the BA in Psychology, which takes only one year to complete and is a steppingstone to a vast array of graduate degree programs. Thousands of Sara Schenirer students with BA degrees have successfully applied to graduate programs in ABA, Special Education, Social Work, Mental Health Counseling, Law, Art Therapy, Music Therapy, and so much more. It is the one undergraduate degree that can truly lead to all fields.

Convenient Classes

One of the most popular features of all Sara Schenirer programs is the timing for classes, all of which take place outside of working hours. In the bachelor’s programs, classes are held at their Lakewood location in-class on Sunday from 9:30-2:00, and live-online two weeknights each week. This allows students to hold either full or part-time employment while earning their degree.

“I worked as a teacher in the morning and as a secretary in the afternoon and I attended school on Sunday mornings and weeknights,” Victoria Gross, a Sara Schenirer grad explained. “It was an ideal schedule because I gained teaching and work experience while earning my degree, but I also came into my wedding with a nice amount in the bank. Some of my friends who attended regular colleges and had daytime classes did not have this benefit.”

Student Support

According to Mrs. Shonek, Sara Schenirer’s philosophy is simple. They recognize that most of their students come from very frum homes, and the world of college and degrees is foreign to them. They work to simplify it all and make the process as smooth and manageable as possible.

“You can’t work here if you don’t like helping people,” she says with a laugh. “It’s what we do all day every day. Our slogan is, ‘Once a Sara Schenirer student, always a Sara Schenirer student,’ and we live by that credo. Every day we’re helping former students with all sorts of issues and they marvel at how we make time for them despite the fact that they graduated years ago.”

Next Steps

Students who wish to find out more or apply should act quickly if they seek to join in the Fall. Applying to the program takes time, and documents such as transcripts need to be collected and submitted.

Girls who have completed 12th grade or have just returned from seminary should reach out immediately and request more information or set up a time to speak to an advisor. The advisors are experts at helping a young woman to identify her strengths and to choose potential career paths that suit her personality. Advisors are available by phone, email, and even a personal meeting.

Mrs. Shonek encourages all who are interested to join the virtual Open House. “Our Open House is on Zoom and hundreds of people join because we present the information in a clear and understandable way. We stay on until every last question is answered and participants feel equipped to take the next steps. We have parents and students joining and plenty of advisors on hand to give everyone the attention they require.”

An extra plus of the virtual Open House is the $75 coupon that all attendees receive. This coupon can be redeemed when a student applies and reduces the application fees by 50%.

The Virtual Open House will be held on June 21st at 7:30 PM. Pre-registration is required. You can register by emailing openhouse@sarasch.com, calling (718) 633-8557 ext. 32, or visiting www.sarasch.com.

* Name has been changed to preserve privacy.

The Case – Two’s Company?

Jennifer parked her car in the private two car driveway of her home. She had parked her car in a casual manner, leaving little room in her driveway for another car to park. Mike needed to deliver and assemble a large package to Jennifer’s next-door neighbor and was circling the block for fifteen minutes in search of a parking spot. Frustrated, Mike decided to squeeze his car into Jennifer’s two car driveway alongside Jennifer’s car. Shortly thereafter, Jennifer (who was not an experienced driver) pulled out of her driveway denting Mike’s car. Jennifer’s car was also damaged by the accident. Mike made a timely arrival to the scene of the accident and took multiple pictures of the two cars. Mike presented the pictures to our Bet Din and claimed that if Jennifer had been more careful the accident could have been avoided. He claimed that with just enough room between the cars for Jennifer to pull out, she is responsible for the damage inflicted to his car. Jennifer countered that Mike was illegally parked in her driveway, and as a result not only is she not responsible for the dent in his car, but she is also suing him for the damage to her car.

Is Jennifer responsible for her actions? Is Mike liable for parking illegally? How should the Bet Din rule and why?

Torah Law

According to the ruling of the Shulhan Aruch a person is liable for damages he inflicts on another’s property. Liability is imposed on an offender regardless of whether his actions were accidental or unintentional. Interestingly, very often liability is imposed on one that inflicts damage even if the event was due to circumstances beyond his control.

The above ruling is not applicable to instances in which one illegally enters another’s property and subsequently suffers damages inflicted by the homeowner. Since the victim illegally entered the domain, the homeowner has limited liability for his actions.

Hence, according to some halachic authorities, if the homeowner was unaware of the presence of the trespasser, he is not liable for damage he caused. If, however, the homeowner took notice of the trespasser he is responsible for all subsequent unintentional damage.

Other halachic authorities differ and rule that even if a homeowner was aware of the illegal entry, nevertheless, he is not liable for unintentional damage. Since the victim illegally entered the property, the homeowner is only liable if he deliberately inflicted unnecessary damage to the trespasser. This latter opinion is recorded by the Shulhan Aruch and is clearly applicable to litigants of Sephardic origin.

While by rule of the Shulhan Aruch a homeowner is not liable for damages he accidentally inflicted to a trespasser, he nevertheless cannot collect on the damages he sustained on account of the accident. Although the trespasser illegally entered the property, he by no means actively damaged the homeowner.

Thus, in short, the homeowner who played the active role in the accident is absolved from the unintentional damage he caused but may not collect for the damage he sustained.

It is important to note the above ruling is applicable to a victim that illegally enters private property. In instances in which a victim illegally enters or parks in a public area, a competent halachic authority must be consulted, as the law varies. Hence, in the event an accident transpired with a double-parked car or via an illegal turn or the like, a competent halachic authority must be consulted.

VERDICT: Two Is a Crowd

Our Bet Din ruled in favor of Jennifer and absolved her of the damage she unintentionally inflicted to Mike’s car. Nevertheless, our Bet Din rejected her claim for the damage her car sustained on account of the accident.

As mentioned in Torah law, by rule of the Shulhan Aruch even though Jennifer saw Mike’s car in her driveway and was aware of the inconvenience to exit, she is not liable for damages since her actions were not malicious or deliberate. Mike illegally entered her property and thus he must bear the cost of damage to his car. Although other halachic authorities differ and impose liability on Jennifer, since she clearly saw Mike’s car in her driveway. Nevertheless, she is absolved from payment as per the ruling of the Shulhan Aruch.

The underlying reasoning for rejecting her claim for her car’s damage, is that Mike did not take an active role in damaging her car. Although he trespassed onto her property, he did not inflict damage to the car and is not liable for the damage she sustained.

It is important to note, that the above ruling is applicable to a victim that illegally enters private property. In the event an accident happened with a car illegally parked in a public domain, the law varies considerably.

YOU BE THE JUDGE

As this article is prepared for publication, Israel is under fire with a barrage of missiles launched from the Gaza Strip. The following case took place just minutes after the first rockets were shot towards Central Israel. It portrays not only the obvious danger of the missiles, but also the interruption of daily life and the financial challenges involved. Due to the nature of the incident the case did not appear before our Bet Din, as the parties preferred to settle the matter via telephone at the scene of the dispute.

Under Fire

Abie and Joey hired a driver, to be paid per hour, to tour around Israel. Touring from Northern Israel towards the south they stopped at many of the regular tourist attractions. Upon their arrival in Tel Aviv, they were shocked when blaring sirens went off and their driver immediately forced them to evacuate the car and head for the closest bomb shelter in a nearby building. They spent nearly six hours in the shelter before they were able to resume their travels. The lengthy delay was due to a missile that landed only a few yards from their shelter. Upon arrival at their destination the driver requested payment for the six hours they were delayed in the bomb shelter. Abie and Joey were appalled that the driver had the audacity to request payment for an emergency stop that was beyond their control. The driver insisted that he was hired per hour and is entitled to his pay.

Is the driver entitled to payment for the time spent in the bomb shelter? How should the Bet Din rule and why?

SCF June 22 Democratic Primary Suggested Candidates

***Please remove and take with you to polls for early or regular voting or use as a guide for absentee voting***

IMPORTANT!

Only vote for a candidate once by filling in ONE oval.

Your first choice candidate’s oval gets filled in in the first column (1).

Your second choice candidate’s oval gets filled in in the second column (2)

Your third choice candidate’s oval gets filled in in the third column. (3)

DON’T: Fill in more than one oval for a candidate

DON’T: Give more than one candidate the same ranking for the same race

Ovals that are not filled in completely cannot be read by the machine

MAYOR

  • Eric L. Adams – 1st Choice
  • Andrew Yang – 2nd Choice
  • Raymond J. McGuire – 3rd Choice

COMPTROLLER

  • Corey D. Johnson – 1st Choice
  • David I. Weprin – 2nd Choice

BOROUGH PRESIDENT – BROOKLYN

  • Robert E. Cornegy Jr – 1st Choice
  • Mathieu Eugene – 2nd Choice

47th Council District – Brooklyn (depends where you live)

  • Ari Kagan – 1st Choice

48th Council District – Brooklyn (depends where you live)

  • Mariya Markh – 1st Choice
  • Steven Saperstein – 2nd Choice

SURROGATE

  • Dweynie Esther Paul

MANHATTAN RESIDENTS ONLY:

DISTRICT ATTORNEY

  • Tali Farhadian Weinstein

BOROUGH PRESIDENT – MANHATTAN

  • Mark D. Levine – 1st Choice

Ranked Choice Voting will be used in this year’s Democratic Primary on June 22 to elect our next Mayor, Borough President, Comptroller, Public Advocate, and City Council members.

What is ranked choice voting?

Ranked choice means that instead of picking only one candidate per race, we rank each candidate by preference on our ballot, choosing up to our top five candidates in total.

Ideally, the new system helps us elect the candidate that is at least the second or third choice of a majority of the voters. In the old system, someone could eventually become the mayor of New York even if they won as little as 40% of votes in the primary, as long as that was more than the other candidates.

Not so with ranked choice voting.

If your friend was going to the grocery store and asked you what ice cream flavor they should pick up for you, you’d maybe tell them to pick up vanilla, and if they don’t have vanilla, pick up pistachio, and if they don’t have either, get chocolate. You would have a good chance of getting one of your preferred flavors.

What is important for voters to know is that if you rank a backup choice, it will never hurt your first choice candidate. Your second choice will only count if your first choice candidate gets eliminated. If your first choice candidate has no chance of winning, then your vote still stays in play, and you can help your second choice.

Basically, the first choice is the candidate you love. Your second choice is the candidate that you like. Your third and fourth choice is the candidate you like slightly less. And your fifth choice is the candidate you can stand.

Picking just one candidate?

“Do we have to pick a top five? What if we pick one?”

Your ballot will be counted just as it has in the past. Ranking your preferred candidates however, gives you a greater chance of electing a candidate you prefer, even if it is your second choice candidate.

In this issue, the Sephardic Community Federation (SCF) has published our endorsed candidate list for the June 22 Democratic Primary. We ask you to follow our suggested candidates and rankings on your ballot.

Note: This method will be used in New York’s primary on June 22 and in special elections, but will not be used in the general election in November. Early voting begins on June 12, 2021. You must vote at your assigned early voting site. Your early voting site may be different from your Election Day poll site, so make sure to check before you go! Your early voting site can be found at findmypollsite.vote.nyc

Mariya Markh is Ready… to be our 48th District Councilwoman

With Your Help

“Mariya Markh has worked year after year to solve neighborhood problems. She truly understands our neighborhoods and the issues we face everyday. She already knows how to do the job and will be able to make a difference right from the start. Join me in voting for Mariya Markh on June 22.” Assemblyman Steven Cymbrowitz

My name is Mariya Markh and I’m running for City Council in the 48th Council District. I hope that I can count on your support in the June 22 Democratic Primaries, but first I would like to earn it by telling you my story.

I was born in Belarus, a country in Eastern Europe which, until 1991 was under the Soviet Union. In 1990, I immigrated to the United States like many other Jewish refugees. First we moved to Queens where I attended Yeshiva for a year, but the tuition was a financial burden on my family, so I was enrolled in public school, and was educated there until graduate school.

At age 8, my family moved to the Midwood section of Brooklyn – in the 48th Council District, where I have lived since. Today I live in Homecrest. I strongly believe that my familiarity with the district and the community of which I am rooted, gives me unparalleled knowledge, and understanding of it’s needs.

While attending Brooklyn College, I got involved in politics after hearing a professor talk about a local race. I caught the political bug and worked on many campaigns. It brought me joy to work with the community.

I started working for the government over a decade ago, for City Councilman Lew Fidler. Councilman Fidler suggested that if I ever wanted to be a Council Member, I would need to learn every facet of the job. I worked on legislation, budget issues, events, scheduling, and most importantly, on constituent services. I was able to help thousands of people apply for safety net programs like food stamps, helped seniors freeze their rents or lower their property taxes, helped with missed trash pickups and the dismissal of unfair violations. I discovered that I enjoyed righting the wrongs of problems within government.

Community service was how I met my husband, Lenny Markh, whose passion for civic life matched my own. We married in 2016 in Sheepshead Bay, and were blessed with our daughter, Rebecca, soon after.

When Councilman Fidler was term limited, I accepted a position in Councilman Chaim Deutsch’s office where I handled hundreds of constituent matters. My knowledge of City agencies, my compassion for people, and my skills, helped resolve some of the most difficult issues. I also helped train my coworkers on the best way to resolve the challenges our neighbors faced. I was fortunate to work with many community leaders to make the district a better place.

While working for the Council, my reputation for helping people and expertise led me to a job within the Administration where I was the liaison to the Russian-speaking community for the entire city and in Community Boards 13 and 15 in Brooklyn. This area covers Coney Island, Brighton Beach, Manhattan Beach, Sheepshead Bay, Gravesend and Midwood. I was not a believer in the Administration and would never describe myself as progressive, but having the ability to advocate, even as a voice of dissent, and to bring back resources was far more important than ideological differences. At no point was that more important than during the pandemic, when I was able to bring over half a million masks to the area, including to many Sephardic synagogues, businesses, and community organizations like the Sephardic Community Federation and the Sephardic Community Center.

I have worked with many synagogues and other houses of worship to make sure they get police patrols during holidays. I have made sure our houses of worship receive property tax exemptions so that congregants can worship in the same place for generations. I have ensured that synagogues have face masks so they can reopen their doors safely.

Now I am running for the City Council with the support of the people who I have long supported and who have seen my capabilities firsthand. My endorsements include the Sephardic Community Federation, Assemblymembers Steven Cymbrowitz and Helene Weinstein, District Leader Ari Kagan, State Senators Diane Savino and Andrew Gounardes, and many others.

I will work alongside the police, not against them. I will improve the school system to make sure every student gets the services they need, including special education, security, and school buses for both public and nonpublic schools. I will help property owners access programs to lower their property taxes. I will work to make sure businesses, senior centers, and our community facilities have the tools they need to reopen fully and safely.

I am running because I’m uniquely qualified in this race. I have the experience and compassion to make sure every member of our community is heard and respected. I understand how the City works and how to make it work for you. I’m running because I’m on your side and I’m ready to improve your quality of life from day one.

Paid for by Markh 2021

New Gemach Helps Ensure the Community is “Covered”

Frieda Schweky

The “wig world” – the term we might use for the industry of wigs for observant married women – has become very large, offering many outstanding options to choose from. It is also a very expensive operation, when we consider not just the price of a wig, but the costs of cutting, styling, coloring, and other adjustments, which all together can amount to thousands of dollars.

Recently, a new gemach (free loan organization) has been established to make it easier for women in our community to find a wig that is right for them without having to spend a fortune. This new organization joins the ever-growing list of wonderful gemachim that help countless community members with things from medicines to tablecloths to everything in between.

A Simple Idea – an Overwhelming Response

The gemach is the brainchild of Berta Thkifati and Margo Chalouh, who decided to launch the operation this past January, in memory of Louza Aliza bat Henriette. The idea is simple – to take wigs that women have, for whatever reason, stopped wearing, and put them to use. Many women can’t afford the wig of their dreams, or even a lower-end wig, and so Berta and Margo decided to collect unused wigs in good condition and make them available.

“We started out calling many wig shops and salons in the Tri State area to see if they had any wigs they wanted to donate,” Berta explained. “We were amazed by how many were eager to donate. With these generous donations from wig shops, the gemach was open for business.

The response to the new endeavor was overwhelming. Women from throughout the Tri State area reached out and drove to Brooklyn for appointments. These included new brides who couldn’t afford a wig, married women who never covered their hair before and decided to take the step, and women with both financial and health issues.

Women from vastly different backgrounds and with vastly different needs and tastes have been helped by the gemach. Berta and Margo work very hard to accommodate everyone, while making visits strictly confidential. They graciously volunteer their time to help each client find a wig that suits her, and patiently show her how to properly care for it. They serve approximately 15-20 women each week.

Accommodating Everyone

The wig gemach requests a small fee to offset costs – a fee which amounts to a tiny fraction of the regular price of a wig – and limits each client to two wigs to assure fair distribution.

Serving so many women requires constant replenishing of the supply. Fortunately, generous women have donated wigs or money. Donations are often made in honor of somebody or in memory of a loved one.

“Sometimes people give a wig and specify that the wig be given to a woman who has only now decided to start covering her hair, or to a bride who cannot afford a wig,” Berta says. “We are happy to accommodate such requests, as we know a donation can be quite personal.”

They were once approached by a single mother who was diagnosed with a serious illness and needed to undergo emergency brain surgery. She was left with scars all over her head which made her son petrified to look at her. The bruises made it impossible for her to wear any of the wigs that the gemach had in stock, and so Berta and Margo set out to raise money. Within just 24 hours, they had received enough donations to buy this woman a brand new, lace top wig which was comfortable enough for her to wear. This is how far they were prepared to go to help a woman in need.

Another woman served by the gemach had not been able to purchase a wig in over 15 years due to financial constraints. The gemach enabled her to obtain a quality, brand-name wig, and she was overjoyed.

Berta and Margo feel privileged to help so many women fulfill this mitzvah without bearing a crippling financial burden. And they are proud – as we should all be – of the outpouring of support and donations by individuals and businesses in the community.

In order to help ensure a constant supply of quality wigs, the gemach is welcoming donations. The demand is high, and the gemach is eager to meet it. So, if you have a wig that you haven’t worn in months, consider donating it – it may change a woman’s life.

For more information about donating, please Venmo @berta-Yazdi with a note that it’s a donation to the wig gemach, or text Margo at 917-478-5619. To make an appointment to pick out a wig from the gemach, please email bertayazdi@gmail.com.

 

Matchmaking: Could We Be Doing It Better?

Frieda Schweky

Hello it’s me again!

Last month, I introduced myself for the first time on this platform, where I’ve been contributing articles for several years. I’m a mom, wife, photographer, part-time writer, and – like all of you – a full-time community member. I’ve been writing monthly about an array of community “hot topics,” interviewing community members and sharing their personal stories, experiences and opinions.

This month, I have taken on one of the most delicate and sensitive issues that our community struggles with – the “singles crisis.” (All names have been changed to protect privacy.)

An Emotional Roller Coaster

I began with a conversation with Mrs. Cohen, who has been through the “shidduch system” with several children, and thus brings a good deal of experience to this topic.

“It was an emotional roller coaster ride for me and my daughters,” Mrs. Cohen said. “It was either, ‘She is not religious enough,’ or ‘She is not educated enough’.”

The experience was disappointing in several other ways, as well. Mrs. Cohen complained that during her daughters’ seven years of dating, they were only taken to a fancy restaurant once. This was somewhat of a turn-off, Mrs. Cohen explained, because she raised her sons with the principle that dates should be treated with more than just a cup of coffee. Mrs. Cohen also found that the matchmakers she was working with were disorganized, unprofessional, highly discouraging, and lacking in communication skills.

My conversation with Mrs. Cohen left me discouraged. I went into this project with an open mind, not knowing much, and so I decided to hear from the other side. I called someone I have known for many years who reached out to me recently regarding some singles I’m related to. I know her as a friend first, and matchmaker second. I felt inclined to see her perspective because I trust her opinion – she’s smart, firm, and kind. I know her intentions are pure, so I let her speak before addressing the Cohens’ concerns.

At the start of the interview, I explained to Lisa that the article was about the “singles crisis,” for lack of a better term. She stopped me in my tracks.

“I wouldn’t call it a crisis, nor should anyone else,” Lisa protested. “Everyone has to take a step back and take a breather. Everything will happen in the right time, as Hashem intends it to be.”

She proceeded to lament the amount of pressure that we as a community put on young adults to find their lifelong match as soon as they reach marriageable age. Her philosophy is that life should not revolve around what is lacking. Singles – and, for that matter, everyone else – should focus their energy on what they can control, not on what they cannot control. Lisa suggests that singles find productive and fulfilling pursuits to engage in, trusting that they will meet the right person at the right time, rather than wallow in frustration, anxiety and angst.

“If you didn’t find a match at 18, 21, 25 like you’d imagined,” she said, “isn’t it better to wait a little longer and marry the right one, than to rush things and potentially be married to the wrong person?”

I couldn’t argue the point, but I was still disturbed by my discussion several minutes earlier with Mrs. Cohen. I asked her to address Mrs. Cohen’s complaints, starting with the fact that when one of her daughters would tell the matchmaker that she was not interested in a potential match for one reason or another, she would be labelled “picky.” This seems unfair, considering that we’re talking about one’s lifelong partner.

“I understand that everyone has standards, and that’s important,” Lisa replied. “What I don’t like to see is people looking at certain superficial qualities as ‘make or break.’ For instance, not all young men are blessed with parents who can give them a job in the family business, like others

are. Those matches should not be ignored. As long as the ambition and competence are there, they should be given a chance.

“Men are also part of the problem, sometimes saying, ‘It’s not my look,’ without paying any attention to the girl’s personality and middot [character traits] in order to discover her true charm that can then bring on the attraction. In general, singles should focus on what they can give to a marriage, and not just on what they can take out of it and what they think they deserve.”

Putting Character Ahead of Finances

As for Mrs. Cohen’s complaint about inexpensive dates, Lisa gave the following the response:

“When I dated my husband, we didn’t go to fancy restaurants. We went for walks, we went skateboarding, we did small things and actually got to know each other. It didn’t bother me that he couldn’t afford a fancy dinner. We were ‘in it to win it,’ and I am proud to say that after six years of marriage, the financial struggles that we faced were not easy, but were not all that bad. We were both able to commit to one another and come up with a financial plan that thankfully, with Hashem’s help, worked out.”

Another important point to consider is that many boys of marriageable age date quite frequently, and not everyone has $100 or even $50 to spend on each date. It is entirely possible that later, after feeling that they might have found the right one, they will invest more.

But even more importantly, how can we judge someone based on finances? True, generosity is a vitally important virtue, especially in marriage, and nobody wants to marry a stingy person. But, as we all know, money comes and money goes. As long as you’re doing your effort, we believe it is in Hashem’s hands. In a relationship, it often comes down to how you react to such challenges, how you work together and grow from them.

The main thing to pay attention to when dating, Lisa continued, is the other person’s mind and character, and working to improve one’s own character and being the best he or she can be.

Lisa concluded by saying that the many matchmakers in this community are working nonstop, as volunteers. Single individuals should take every opportunity that comes their way; or, in her words, they should “Be in it to win it.”

Keep it Simple

Next, I wanted the opinion of a trusted community rabbi on the matter, so I turned to Rabbi Eli Mansour.

“I think a big part of this issue is that it has become overly complicated,” the rabbi bemoaned. “It’s not supposed to be complicated; it’s not a science. We have to go back in time and try to put our faith in the natural order. You must do your effort and trust the process to work. I hear a lot of people psychoanalyzing every little thing before they even agree to meet the person.”

Rabbi Mansour pointed to the fact that our parents and great-grandparents didn’t have all the various formal steps that people now assume are necessary, and they didn’t have “shidduch resumes.” He never asked for a picture of his wife before he met her. This whole process can be quite simple, he said, if we allow it to be.

“Matchmaking is Gd’s business,” he added. “It shouldn’t be agonizing or take too much thinking. If someone has a potential match for you – give them a shot. A lot of it is putting faith in Hashem. You hear these young men saying, ‘How am I going to support a family? How am I going to live?’ Let me tell you something – our parents never thought that way, and it worked out. No one ever died from marriage, no one ever starved to death from it. It’s not your job to think 2-3 years ahead.”

The rabbi had more wise words for singles:

“Berachah [blessing] comes after marriage. People want to see the blessings before they jump in, but that’s not how it works. As the story goes – you jump in, and then the sea splits for you. Only when you have faith and commit will miracles happen for you. If a match is presented to you or you happen to meet someone, then even if they don’t seem to match your equation, give them a go.”

The Pool Has Become an Ocean

A male community member whom I asked to weigh in reported that through the matchmaker system, he dated 27 girls until he found his wife. Reflecting upon the process, he said, “I don’t think the matchmakers tried to know me well enough to match me with the right girls. I would still put my kids through the system because there’s no wasted time like there is in regular dating. You have two people who have already made it clear they want to get married, and that alone takes away a lot of the time, hassle, and heartache of regular dating.”

Just to make sure I was hearing enough perspectives, I made a point of speaking to another, widely-known community matchmaker. I’ll call her Sally.

“It’s not the same as it used to be, that’s for sure,” she said, explaining, “I’m not ancient, but in my time, our dating pool was much smaller. At this point, the community is so large and there are so many venues, the pool feels like an ocean, and it can be difficult to navigate.”

Sally also lamented the unrealistic expectations that many singles – and their parents – have. She said it’s important to be honest with yourself in deciding the kind of match you’re looking for, not to chase a fairytale, or, to put it bluntly, someone who’s clearly “out of your league.” And, one must assess a prospective match based on his or her suitability, not on the basis of what others will think.

Sally also appealed to singles and their parents to hesitate before criticizing matchmakers. “Being a matchmaker is the hardest thing,” she said. “It’s one of those heseds that no matter what, you’re going to get slammed and criticized. The parents and their children see only the ‘no,’ and not what goes on behind the scenes. A lot of time we’re protecting people and can’t disclose certain information which leads us to make the tough and, sometimes, seemingly ‘unfair,’ decisions that we make.”

Many whom I’ve spoken to about this emotionally charged topic gave similar advice – that everyone needs to give everyone else the benefit of the doubt, without rushing to criticize.

“My best advice,” Sally said, “would be to try not to turn anyone down. There’s no harm in going for drinks, going for coffee. If you have a positive attitude, you never know what might come out of it. Let’s say that date wasn’t for you, but they think of someone who may be suited. Or maybe down the line, someone says, ‘Hey, you know this person?’ and they say, ‘Yea I went on a date, he/she was very positive and pleasant to be around.’

“At the end of the day, no one wants to be with someone who brings them down, so try to look inward and be a positive person in general. This in itself will attract others and bring you other untold blessings.

“Try not to say ‘no’ so quickly, because if you change your mind, the opportunity can be lost. Try to push your preconceived notions about people out of the way and give a potential suitor a real chance. When you actually sit down and have a conversation with someone, you’d be surprised how much you could have in common.”

Sally informed me of a very exciting development in our community’s effort to help singles – that many community matchmakers are joining forces.

“Different groups of matchmakers have different people they work with, so their cooperation leads to more opportunities for matching singles,” she explains. “Plus, we bring in experts to train and talk to the matchmakers about how to go about their work in the best way. We all now have a great opportunity to learn and grow and become better at matchmaking.”

Sally reported that these efforts have thus far proven very successful, giving us reason for optimism as we look ahead to the future.

Of course, this article barely scratches the surface of what is a very broad, complex, and delicate topic. Nevertheless, delving into this topic has changed my outlook. Before conducting these interviews, this topic seemed so far out of my league that I felt I had no way of helping even the singles in my own family. I would try to think of a match, but if an idea came to mind, I convinced myself out of it and not mention a word about it to either party. Now I realize that this is unproductive and unfair. I can do better. In fact, Sally said that if we all individually stopped our life in its tracks and actively took the time to match the singles we knew, we could make an immeasurable impact.

If this article results in something positive – a new idea for a solution, a change of perspective, or, even better, a match, I would love to hear about it. Feel free to reach out via Instagram @friedaschwekyphoto or email Frieda@sephardic.org.