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Back to School Sanity

Preparing for the Summertime-to-School Transition 

Frances Haddad 

The summer heat has settled, and believe it or not, those first days of school are closer than they may appear. New beginnings are known to be difficult, and approaching the unknown future can be scary, especially for a child who will enter preschool, elementary, or even high school in just a few weeks. As such, it can be expected that children (and even parents and teachers!) may come down with a sudden case of the jitters in the days leading up to the start of school.  

Preparation and anticipation can be overwhelming, but there are ways to harness the calm and ensure that the transition from those fun days of camp to the grueling days of school is (almost!) effortless. So spend these weeks preparing your children for what is to come, and they can return to school invigorated, ready to learn and to succeed.  

Brain Power 

Summertime may be a period of relaxation, but don’t let it become a break from the kids using their brain power. Like any other muscle, the brain must be exercised in order to maintain strength and agility. While it is true that children need a breather from the intense workload that school often imposes, it is imperative to encourage some amount of reading and writing over summer vacation. The sense of dread that accompanies the summer book list is likely to be felt no matter what, but flexing the brain during the summer months is necessary to prevent it from turning to mush.  

If reading and writing skills are practiced during the summer months, then when the children return to their desks come September, they won’t feel like they have set foot onto such unfamiliar territory. And parents, it is up to you to strongly encourage your children to read and read some more during the summer. For younger children, read to them their favorite stories and be sure to practice A-B-Cs and Aleph Bet. 

When children practice literacy skills over the long summer break, they return to school with their knowledge intact, thus sparing them a good deal of frustration when the academic workload returns. It goes without saying that summer reading and writing should be accompanied by motivational techniques such as cool prizes to give kids the extra push they may need.  And of course, the reading should be light and enjoyable. But remember, intellectual fitness is just as important as all that running, jumping, and climbing that has kept your kids physically fit during the summer.  So, get thinking and keep that brain moving! 

Act It Out 

For a preschool child, the first days of school can be frightening. The kids will be expected to walk into a big classroom, and confront the unfamiliar faces of new teachers and peers. They will be leaving the comfort of Mommy’s side, and will spend a long day away from the scents and sounds of home. Therefore, it is Mommy’s job to prepare her child both mentally and emotionally before school begins.  

Goldie Schechter, a seasoned educator with extensive experience in the field of psychology, says, “In order to help a young child overcome the trepidation of a new experience, it is important to give them the tools they will need to face obstacles. With my own preschool-aged children, I role-play the entire scene of going to school, in order to give them the tools to face the inevitable emotions that will arise. I tell my child to pretend that a room in my house is her new classroom, and as I hold my child’s hand, I say, ‘Ok! We are going to school today. Let’s walk there together. We’re here! It is time to stay in the classroom and Mommy will come back later.’ 

“Then, I address certain emotions that may arise by saying, ‘Mommy left and you feel sad. It’s okay to be sad, but let’s remember that Mommy will come back to pick you up soon.’ It is crucial to address a child’s feelings. Sometimes people try to deny kids’ feelings, and say things like, ‘School is so exciting!’ or ‘There’s nothing to be scared of!’ But this is the wrong approach, since it does not validate a child’s feelings, which is so important. It is up to us as adults to remember that it is very scary for a child to be dropped off by their mother for the first time, and they need tools to handle it.”  

Mrs. Schechter also offers us some sound advice for handling a high school student’s fears about the first day of school. “When a teenager is afraid of the first day of school, it is important to address his concerns, and help him find practical solutions to his fears. If your child says, ‘I don’t want to go to school. I won’t make any friends,’ show that you understand his fears, validate his concerns and say, ‘I hear you, and that’s a real concern. Let’s talk about how to handle it.’ If you talk about different situations, your child will be better prepared to face whatever comes their way.” 

In general, it is imperative to keep the channels of communication open with children. You want to promote an atmosphere where your children feel they can be open with you. If they are open with you, and if you learn to practice active listening, you can play a large part in assuaging their fears. If you have given your children tools to use in case of difficulty, they will see you in their mind’s eye, cheering them on, whenever they face a challenging situation. 

Beat the Mad Rush 

“It is as clear as yesterday,” says Cindy Shasho. “It was the first week of September, and I needed to buy notebooks for my children. I ran to one Staples, and the line was out the door. When I finally made my way through the aisles, I saw that the shelves were empty. I must’ve gone to four or five stores before I found what I was looking for.”  

Cindy is not the only one who has experienced the stress of last-minute school supplies shopping. Those of us who have scavenged for school supplies, pulling out the last package of ballpoint pens from underneath the last stack of loose-leaf paper, learned the hard way that buying school supplies should be done early.  

Skip the stress-inducing scenario of running up and down the aisles last minute. After taking inventory of the supplies in your home, and putting together a comprehensive list of exactly what each child needs (some teachers provide the list for you – check if your child’s teacher has done so), go to the closest school supplies depot and stock up on necessities already a few weeks before the first day of school. Many school supplies can even be ordered online. 

“What Do You Want From Me?” 

In general, it is important to let people know what is expected of them. A boss must make job responsibilities clear for his employee. And a wife can’t expect her husband to be a mind-reader. If you want him to take out the garbage, then say so! Parents and teachers, the same applies to your children and students. Expectations must be made clear, so children know how to proceed and succeed. 

It is to our benefit, and to the benefit of the young people in our homes and classrooms, to spell out what we expect. Parents and teachers alike can sit down with their children and write up a list of expectations, such as, “Lauren will place her knapsack in the front closet each day after school,” or “Students will place their homework on the teacher’s desk at the start of class.” Hang the list in a visible location, so the child will be easily reminded. 

It’s also important to allow children to add their own ideas, so they feel a sense of ownership and they see that their contribution is valued. Plus, they’ll be more likely to follow the rules.  

The Glass Is Half Full 

Children may hear numerous criticisms throughout the day. “Stand up straight! Tuck in your shirt! Clean your room! Tie your shoes!” Yes, it is up to us adults to guide the youngsters under our charge and provide direction. But it is crucial to remember that children thrive on positivity, and therefore it is essential to focus on what they do right. “You did a lot of thinking while doing your homework” or “Wow, I like the way you put your knapsack by the door for tomorrow,” are things you can say to show your children that you notice their efforts. 

Parents, make deposits in your child’s “emotional bank account” and catch them in the act of good behavior. Teachers, give your students reasons to succeed in your classroom! If children see that their good behavior is recognized, they will be motivated to achieve. 

When the adults bring in the first days of school with positivity and patience, a daunting experience can be transformed into one surrounded by excitement and warmth. Parents and teachers, school can be a place where your child, or your student, can succeed.  It is all in how you present it. Remember, your enthusiasm is contagious!

Once Upon a Thyme – Roasted Chicken and Red Pepper Pizza with Sundried Tomatoes

Sun dried tomatoes are the concentrated essence of summer’s favorite fruit. They are sweet, chewy, and bursting with flavor. Both the tomatoes and roasted red peppers in this recipe contain lycopene, an antioxidant found in many red fruits and vegetables. Together with shredded roasted chicken and fresh basil, this pizza is a nutritious appetizer to any meal. 

Ingredients: 

1 package of frozen store-bought pizza dough, thawed  

1 tbsp + ¼ cup olive oil 

1 lb chicken cutlets 

1 tbsp + 1 tsp kosher salt 

¼ tsp black pepper 

1 tsp garlic salt 

2 cloves fresh garlic, minced 

3 red bell peppers, cleaned, seeded and cut into strips 

½ cup sundried tomatoes 

2 tbsp honey 

6 fresh basil leaves, cleaned and cut into strips 

Baking spray 

Directions: 

  1. Preheat oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. 
  2. Place chicken in a glass baking dish or tin and sprinkle with 1 tbsp salt and black pepper. 
  3. Cover and bake chicken for 30 minutes. 
  4. In another glass baking dish or tin, mix pepper strips, garlic, ¼ cup olive oil, and 1 tsp salt. Bake uncovered for 25 minutes. 
  5. While the chicken and peppers are baking, line a large baking sheet with foil and spray with pam.
  6. Roll out pizza dough until it’s thin and fits to the size of the baking tray. 
  7. Place dough onto an oil-sprayed baking sheet and brush dough with 1 tbsp olive oil and sprinkle with garlic salt. 
  8. Bake dough uncovered for about 15-20 minutes, until the bottom is crisp and golden. 
  9. When dough is baked, Brush dough with honey. 
  10. When chicken is done baking and cooled, use a fork to pull apart and shred. 
  11. Layer the ingredients: place the shredded chicken first, then arrange the red peppers and sundried tomatoes.  Finish with chopped basil. 
  12. Cut into slices and serve while warm. 

The First Jew in America

A neighbor of mine in Israel once showed me a very rare certificate – perhaps the only one in Israel – called “Daughters of the Mayflower.” She was a direct descendant of the Pilgrims, who in 1620 sailed away from the religious persecution of Holland to the New World. Indeed, there were a number of Jewish families that sailed to America on the Mayflower, and perhaps many others who hid their Jewish identity as Marranos. But even they were not the first Jews to set foot in North America.

Although there are some people that believe Christopher Columbus, discoverer of the New World, was Jewish – there is no real evidence supporting that.

The Jewish Metal Expert

The first documented case of a Jew to reach the shores of America is that of Joachim (Chaim) Gans, who arrived on Roanoke Island, North Carolina in 1585 as part of Sir Walter Raleigh’s expedition commissioned by Queen Elizabeth. Gans’ story is a fascinating tale that starts in his birthplace of Prague. Joachim was related to the famous historian, astronomer, and talmid hacham, David Gans. David Gans was a student of the Rama and the Maharal, worked in the laboratory of the greatest astronomer of his time, Tycho Brahe, and authored Tzemach David, a chronicle of Jewish history up to his time.

Joachim Gans was a chemist specializing in metals. He most probably learned his trade in the Ore Mountains of Bohemi, which had the most advanced copper mining techniques of the time. In 1581, Gans was offered a position at Queen Elizabeth’s Mines Royal, and within a short time was able to show the English miners how to produce copper by heating it only four times, instead of eighteen. Gans simplified the process by pounding the ore into a powder and then roasting it and passing water through it. In addition to purifying the copper, Gans also used the waste products – namely, copper sulfate –for dyeing textiles. (It could be that Gans got some

of his ideas from the fact that the deyo – ink used by soferei stam – uses copper sulfate, known in halachic literature as kuper vasser.)

The Queen’s Secretary of State, Sir Francis Walsingham, was governor of the Mines Royal and also a substantial investor in ventures to explore and exploit the New World. So, when Sir Walter Raleigh set out to establish a permanent colony in North America, Joachim Gans, whose mining achievements were well known to Walsingham, was the natural choice for the expedition’s metal expert. The Queen was set to receive a fifth of any minerals, gold or silver that was found, and Gans would be called upon to determine if there was any valuable ore in America. And so, in 1585, Gans found himself on Roanoke Island, surveying the area and testing the trinkets of the Indians to see if they contained any gold or silver. Archeologists have found bricks from Gans’ furnace and chunks of copper, indicating that Gans had the capability of smelting ore at a temperature of over 2,000 degrees – enough to melt copper.

One can only wonder what Gans must have felt like so far from home, the first and only Jew in the Western Hemisphere. I imagine him waking up to the crisp Carolina dawn putting on his tallis, while the wild turkeys pecked at his tzitzit, hoping they were some new exotic kind of worm. What did his fellow colonists, a band of English goyim, think when they saw him in his tefillin? And what must the Indians have thought?

Return to England

In March 1586, Gans participated in an expedition inland to look for minerals. In typical European fashion, the group burst into an Indian village, captured the chief and interrogated him for two days, while taking his son prisoner. The chief told them about marvelous and strange minerals up river. They set out to reach the deposits, but after five days of rowing, the expedition had to turn back, having made enemies of the Indians who could have supplied them with food.

The band made it back to Roanoke Island, but things were not much better there. When the supply ship from England did not arrive, and given the state of war with the local Indians, the leaders decided to pack up and abandon the settlement. In June 1586, the colonists hitched a ride with the great English explorer, Sir Francis Drake, on his way back to England, fresh off his spectacular successes fighting the Spanish in Florida. Drake’s financer was none other than Walsingham, who must have gotten the message to the admiral to pick up the stranded colonists and salvage what he could from his investment.

Though the colony did not succeed in its main goal, Gans was able to report on a land rich with resources of great economic value. This information provided the impetus for England to continue its objective to colonize America, with the next major expedition founding the first permanent settlement of Jamestown, Virginia in 1607.

Jailed for Teaching Hebrew

Joachim moved to London where he continued his work as a scientist. But on a trip to the mines, he got in trouble for publicly giving Hebrew lessons to English gentlemen. Jews had been expelled from England in 1290, and were not officially to be allowed back until Menasheh ben Israel convinced Oliver Cromwell in 1655 to permit them to return. Gans was taken back to London and incarcerated. While in jail, he composed a treatise describing a unique method of producing saltpeter, a major ingredient in gunpowder. His recipe for saltpeter was a translation and explanation of the work of Lazarus Erker, chief of the Emperor’s mines in Bohemia. Ganz dedicated his work to none other than the Secretary of State, Sir Walsingham. This “ransom” seems to have done the trick, as there is no record of Gans being punished in any way. Most probably, he was allowed to return to Bohemia and spent the rest of his life there.

Back-to-School Tips – FOR PARENTS

It’s almost that time of year again. Yes, in just a few weeks school will be back in session. Starting the new school year can be a time of great excitement… and anxiety, for students as well as parents. Now is a good time to answer two very important questions: 1) Is your child ready to succeed? 2) Are you ready to help? 

It’s a fact: Parents who play an active role in their children’s education make a huge difference in their children’s success. Here are some teacher-approved tips that can help you and your child prepare for the upcoming school year: 

Meet the New Teacher 

For kids, one of the biggest back-to-school fears is, “Will I like my new teacher?” Breaking the ice early on is one of the best ways to calm everyone’s fears. 

If your school hosts an open house or back-to-school night before the first day of school, take advantage of the opportunity to start building a personal connection. Some teachers welcome phone calls or e-mails, so try contacting your child’s teachers at the start of the school year. Get acquainted with them and let them know you want to be an active partner in helping your child to learn and grow. 

If personal contact with the teacher isn’t possible, try locating the teacher’s picture on a school website or in a yearbook, so your child can put a name with a face. If your child’s teacher sends a welcome letter, be sure to read the letter together. 

Tour the School 

Attending your school’s open house allows you and your child to get to know not only the teachers, but the building, as well. Familiarizing your child with her environment will help her avoid a nervous stomach on the first day. Together you can meet her teacher, find her desk, and explore the playground. 

With an older child, you might ask him to give you a tour of the school. This will help refresh his memory and yours. 

Connect with Friends 

A familiar face can make all the difference when heading back to school. You might try calling parents from last year’s class and finding out which children are in your child’s class this year. Refresh these relationships before school starts by scheduling a play date or a school carpool. 

Tool Up 

Obtain the class supply list and take a special shopping trip with your child. Having the right tools will help him feel prepared. While keeping basic needs in mind, allow for a couple of splurges like a cool notebook or a favorite-colored pen. These simple pleasures make going back to school a lot more fun. 

School supply lists also provide great insight into the schoolwork ahead. Get your child excited about upcoming projects by explaining how new supplies might be used. Let him practice using supplies that he’s not used before – such as colored pencils or a protractor – so he will be comfortable using them in class. 

Avoid Last-Minute Drilling 

While it is important to support learning throughout the summer, don’t spend the last weeks of summer vacation reviewing last year’s curriculum. All kids need some down time before the rigors of school begin. For some kids, last-minute drills can heighten anxiety, reminding them of what they’ve forgotten instead of what they remember. 

Ease Into the Routine 

Switching from a summer to a school schedule can be stressful for everyone in the household. Avoid first-day-of-school mayhem by practicing your routine a few days in advance. Set the alarm clock, go through your morning rituals, and get in the car or to the bus stop on time. Routines help children feel comfortable, and establishing a solid school routine will make the first day of school go much smoother. 

Get the Children to Bed on Time 

During the summer, children aren’t always on a schedule. Proper rest is essential for a healthy and productive school year, so help your child get used to the back-to-school routine by starting the transition now to earlier wake-up times and bedtimes. 

Most of all, whether it’s the first day of school or the last, make sure your kids know you’re there to listen to their feelings and concerns, and that you don’t expect perfection – only that they try their best! 

You Are…Great!

One of the difficult struggles that rabbis have is to combat overconfidence and complacency.  There are people who insist they are good enough the way they are, that they don’t need to change anything, that they are already sufficiently observant, and so they don’t want to be told how they have to do things better. 

This is NOT the problem that I would like to address here. 

Instead, I want to discuss the opposite problem – which, in my experience, is no less common, and no less harmful to religious growth. 

The Baker’s Quandary 

The story is told of a baker who came to the Hafetz Haim (Rav Yisrael Meir Kagan of Radin, 1839-1933) very distraught.  He had heard that according to Kabbalistic teaching, a mitzvah performed without genuine fear and love of Gd resembles a bird without wings, and it does not ascend to the Heavenly Throne.  This upset the baker terribly. 

“I’m just a simple Jew,” he said.  “How much deep intention and emotion can I have when I pray or perform mitzvot?  Does this mean that my mitzvot have no value?  Should I even bother?” 

I know that many people today struggle with variations of this question.  As mentioned, there are those who insist that they already do enough, so they don’t bother doing more; but there are also those who feel that nothing they do will ever be enough, and so they just give up.  People recognize that they do not always act as they should, or that their mitzvot are far from perfect, and conclude that there is no point in trying. 

The Hafetz Haim’s answer is both brilliant and instructive. 

He asked the baker how his business was doing.

“Well, not so great,” the baker replied.  “The customers are sometimes very particular.  They want only the loaves that come out perfectly.  Sometimes, at the end of the day, I’m left with all these rolls that weren’t precisely to the people’s satisfaction.” 

The Hafetz Haim warmly blessed the man that he should enjoy success and prosperity. 

Soon thereafter, World War I broke out, causing widespread food shortages throughout Europe.  The Hafetz Haim met the baker, and inquired about his business. 

“Actually, rabbi, the business is doing remarkably well,” the baker said.  “Now, because there isn’t all that much food available, people are buying all that they can get.  I can’t produce the loaves fast enough to meet the demand!”

“The same is true of our mitzvot,” the Hafetz Haim explained.  Long ago, he said, when mitzvah observance was relatively easy, Gd demanded perfection, only the highest standards of performance.  But in our times, when living a Torah life is fraught with difficult struggles and challenges, every mitzvah we manage to perform is enthusiastically welcomed and cherished by Gd. 

We don’t have to be perfect.  We are never going to be perfect.  We simply need to try.  Any mitzvah we do is precious.

Illegitimate Humility

The reason why this message needs reinforcing is because we can so easily be lured into thinking that we are righteous for dismissing ourselves as spiritually hopeless.  After all, our tradition regards humility as one of the most important character traits.  The Mishnah in Pirkeh Avot (4:4) instructs, “Me’od haveh shefal ru’ah – Be very, very lowly of spirit.”  We are to be exceedingly humble.  One might thus feel virtuous for seeing himself as unworthy of learning Torah or performing mitzvot, for assuming that Gd no longer has any interest in him.

But in truth, there is nothing virtuous about such thought.  To the contrary – such sentiments are placed in our head by the yetzer hara (evil inclination).

The Ba’al Shem Tov (1698-1760) went so far as to say that most of people’s humility is illegitimate, and leads to sin.  More often than not, the Ba’al Shem Tov taught, humility moves people further from the service of Gd, rather than bringing them closer.  People use humility as an excuse for giving up, rather than as a motivator to work harder and achieve more.

The Torah (Shemot 27:20) commands that the oil used for the kindling of the menorah in the Bet Hamikdash must be “katit” – especially fine oil, the first drops squeezed from the olive.  The Mishnah (Menahot 8:5) teaches, “Katit lama’or velo katit lamenahot” – this requirement applies only to the oil used for the kindling of the menorah, but not to the oil used with the menahot – the grain offerings.  The deeper meaning of this passage, as some rabbis noted, is that the experience of “katit” – of feeling “crushed” and broken – must serve the purpose of “ma’or” – “illumination,” to help us shine and radiate.  It must not lead to “menahot” – to “rest” and complacency.  Humility is a critically important aspect of religious life – but only when it leads us to redouble our efforts to “shine,” to excel.  If humility leads us to despair, to give up, to feel we are worthless and hopeless, then such humility in sinful, and must be abolished.

Stop “Trampling” on the Mitzvot! 

This month, we read Parashat Ekev, which begins by promising great reward “ekev tishme’un et hamishpatim ha’eleh” – in reward for faithfully observing Gd’s commands.

Rashi takes note of the unusual word “ekev” in this verse – a word which can also be read as “akev – heel.”  According to Rashi, the Torah here alludes to the observance of “the mitzvot which a person tramples on with his heel.”

The common understanding of Rashi’s comments is that he refers to mitzvot which, for one reason or another, people tend to disregard, to view as unimportant.  Many mitzvot have earned widespread, scrupulous and enthusiastic observance.  Some examples that come to mind are Hanukah candle lighting and the kaddish recitation during the year after a parent’s passing.  Other mitzvot have not been as fortunate – such as, perhaps, remaining silent during the prayer service, and refraining from negative speech about other people.  Rashi thus tells us that the Torah here promises rewards specifically for observing the less “popular” mitzvot, those which people tend to overlook. 

However, there is also an additional reading of Rashi’s comments.

The verse in Mishleh (22:4) associates humility with the word “ekev” (“Ekev anava yir’at Hashem…”).  The heel is situated at the bottom of the human body, and all the way at the back of the foot, thus symbolizing lowliness, a humble spirit.  Accordingly, Rashi’s remark – “mitzvot which a person tramples on with his ‘heel’” – could be understood as referring to a person who “tramples” on the mitzvot with his humility.  He allows his humble recognition of his failings and shortcomings to cause him to feel worthless.  He is aware of all that he does wrong, and all the right things which he does not do, and figures that he might as well give up.  And so he “tramples” on the mitzvot, neglecting them entirely, wrongly assuming that any mitzvah he performs has no value.

Later in Parashat Ekev (9:24), Moshe speaks to Beneh Yisrael and recalls the sins they committed in the wilderness, proclaiming, “…mamrim heyitem im Hashem – you were rebellious with Gd.”  While at first this strikes us as a scathing condemnation, these words also imply a compliment.  Moshe praises the people for remaining “with Gd” even in periods of betrayal.  Even when they disobeyed and angered Gd, they didn’t just give up.  They mustered the strength to stay with Hashem even after they began drifting away.

King David, in Tehillim (134:1), summons “kol avdeh Hashem, ha’omdim beveit Hashem belelot – all the servants of Gd, who stand in the house of Gd during the nights.”  The most devoted “servants of Gd” are those who remain “in the house of Gd during the nights,” who retain their commitment even during dark periods, when they have slipped and declined, when they have fallen into spiritually “dark” areas.  The service of Gd is not reserved for the outstanding tzadikim (righteous people) who never err.  It is also for the rest of us, who occasionally, or even frequently, make mistakes, and even some bad mistakes.  We, too, can become great – if we refuse to give up on ourselves, if we believe that Gd loves us and cherishes His relationship with us even though we have acted wrongly.

The Unparalleled Joy of Mitzvot

Parashat Ekev begins with the word “vehayah – it shall be”: “Vehayah ekev tishme’un et ha’mishpatim ha’eleh – It shall be, if you obey these laws…”

The rabbis teach in a different context that the word “vehayah” connotes joy; it is used only in reference to joyous occasions.  In this verse, then, the word “vehayah” emphasizes that observing mitzvot is joyous and exhilarating.  When we recognize how privileged we are to be able to serve the Creator, we are overcome by genuine joy and delight.

The use of the word “vehayah” in this context assumes even greater significance in light of what we have seen.  There can be nothing as joyous as knowing that Gd wants us to serve Him despite our mistakes and failures, that we are still His beloved children, notwithstanding the improvements that we need to try to make. 

There is no contradiction whatoever between our feelings of shame over what we’ve done wrong, and our feelings of pride over what we’ve done right.  The fact that we need to be better does not negate the fact that we are already great.  This is not arrogance – this is, in fact, being humble the right way, in a way that spurs further growth, as opposed to leading to despair. 

Let us always remember the Hafetz Haim’s message to the baker – every “loaf” in our day and age is precious.  We face so many lures, so many challenges to our religious lifestyle.  We should be proud and gratified over each and every “loaf” we produce, every mitzvah we perform, imperfect as it may be.  This pride and gratification should energize us with the confidence we need to move forward and become even greater.  

The Case – It’s Mine

Bobby was interested in purchasing a fine piece of jewelry for his wife for their upcoming anniversary. On his recent trip overseas, while window shopping, he found the perfect piece. However, he did not make the purchase at that time. With his anniversary nearing, he reached out to Joey, an acquaintance in the country abroad, and instructed him to make the purchase for him. Bobby transferred the money to Joey and the very next morning Joey purchased the fine piece of jewelry. Much to Joey’s surprise, immediately upon the purchase the store owner presented him with a valuable $500 gift certificate. The store was running a promotion awarding a valuable gift certificate to the first customer to enter and make a purchase on that day. Joey later notified Bobby of the gift he received, and Bobby demanded that the gift be forwarded to him. After all, it was ultimately his purchase that made the gift possible. Joey resisted, explaining that the store owner specifically presented him with the gift certificate. 

Who is entitled to the $500 gift certificate, Joey or Bobby? How should the Bet Din rule and why? 

 

Torah Law 

According to the ruling of the Shulhan Aruch, an unpaid messenger making a purchase on behalf of another is required by law to share with his sender a gift given to him by a storeowner.  

The underlying reasoning for this ruling is a matter of halachic dispute.  

Some early halachic authorities explain that since it is unknown whether the storeowner intended to gift the sender or the messenger, the law requires that they share the gift between them.  

Other early halachic authorities explain differently. Since both the messenger and sender are entitled to the gift, they are required to split it. For on the one hand, if not for the sender’s money enabling the purchase, the store owner clearly would not be gifting the messenger.  On the other hand, if not for the messenger’s willingness to patronize that store, the storeowner would not have extended the gift. Hence, since they both participated in the transaction, they are both entitled to an equal share of the gift. 

The halachic difference between these two dissenting views is in the instance in which the store owner specifically says that he wishes to gift only the messenger. 

According to the first opinion, it is no longer unknown who the storeowner wishes to gift. Hence, according to the this view the messenger is the sole recipient. However, according to the latter view, even if the storeowner emphasizes that the gift is for the messenger, nevertheless, the messenger is required to split the gift with the sender. Since the storeowner would not have extended the gift if not for the purchase, the sender is entitled to his fifty percent share. After all, it was his money together with the messenger’s relationship with the storeowner that enabled the gift. 

The above dispute, with the halachic difference between the dissenting views, is applicable to instances in which a storeowner gifts a messenger for a personal interest. If, however, the gift awarded is directly linked to the money spent on the purchase, it stands to reason that even the former view would agree that the sender is always entitled to his fifty percent share of the gift. Hence, in the instance in which the store policy awards a promotional gift to the first purchase of the day, all opinions agree that the gift is to be shared. 

It is important to note that according to both views, if the storeowner expresses that his intention is to solely gift the sender, then the gift belongs only to the sender. Once the storeowner rules out any affiliation or relationship with the messenger, the gift is awarded to the sender who spent the money to earn the gift.  

Hence, if one sends a messenger to purchase an item from a pharmacy and a “buy one get one free” sale is available, the second item free is the property of the sender. A pharmacy or any other commercial outfit does not have a relationship with the messenger. Thus, they are clearly gifting the sender, who is spending his money on the first product.  

 

Verdict:  Sharing Is Caring 

Our Bet Din ruled that Bobby and Joey, by rule of the Shulhan Aruch, were required to split the gift certificate equally. As explained in the Torah law section of this article, many halachic authorities rule that even if a storeowner thereafter claims that the gift is solely for the messenger, nevertheless, the gift is to be equally shared with the sender who paid for the purchase. In the case at hand, the store policy awarded the certificate to the first purchase of that day. In such an instance, in which the promotional gift is directly linked to the purchase, all opinions agree that the gift is to be shared. Although in the instance of a “buy one get one free” sale the second free item clearly belongs only to the sender who spent the money, our case at hand is different.  The storeowner that presented the certificate to Joey is claiming that the award is for him. Additionally, Bobby was overseas and was unable to enter the store that morning and he needed Joey’s presence to enable the gift. Bobby is, however, entitled to half the value of the certificate, for without his money enabling the purchase, the gift certificate would never have been awarded. 

YOU BE THE JUDGE 

Get Out!! 

David rented a home from Steven for ten months, with the rental contract expiring on June 30, 2022. Although David was planning a trip overseas in early June, he nevertheless, as per his contractual obligation, sent Steven payment in full for the month of June. David moved all his belongings out of the house and returned the keys to Steven on June 7th, before he left for overseas with his family. While overseas, David immediately realized that he forgot to empty the vault in the master bedroom prior to his departure. He contacted his brother and gave him the code to the back door to enter and collect his valuables from the vault. Upon his brother’s entry to the home, he was confronted with an entire family living on the premises. The brother contacted Steven, the owner, and he arranged for the vault to be emptied and its contents returned. However, David was exasperated that Steven, without consent, rented out the home to another family before June 30. In Bet Din David demanded of Steven that all proceeds from the new tenants are to be forwarded to him. David explained that since he rented and paid for the home until June 30, he is the rightful owner and is entitled to the earnings. Steven replied that as the owner he had the right to rent out the vacancy especially after David returned to him the keys. Furthermore, Steven explained that he rented his home for the summer at a high summer rate per month and he clearly had no intention of forwarding his earnings to David. David responded by threatening that either the summer tenants vacate the property until July 1, or all proceeds of the three-week term be paid to him.  

How should the Bet Din rule and why?

Amudim Launches Amudim Israel’s Sephardic Division

Rachel’s dorm counselor called the Amudim Israel office concerned about Rachel’s recent change in mood and behavior. At first, she didn’t make much of the fact that Rachel was recently becoming withdrawn from friends and less attentive in class, or that she was regularly sleeping late. She simply assumed that Rachel was homesick, and it would pass on its own. However, after attending the seminary staff mental health training, she decided to call Amudim’s Israel office for guidance.  

Within a few days, Rachel found herself sitting with one of Amudim Israel’s Syrian case managers. Although apprehensive, Rachel felt more at ease knowing that this was someone who was familiar with the community back at home and would approach her situation with the sensitivity she needed. And no, this was not just a case of homesickness. Rachel had tragically been a childhood victim of abuse in camp, and although she had moved on, dorm life in Israel brought back those traumatic memories. Her anxieties had been keeping her up at night, but she was too embarrassed to speak with a staff member – after all, she’d only been in Israel for two months. Baruch Hashem, the Amudim Israel case manager was able to provide the support and guidance Rachel needed, and found her the appropriate therapeutic resources to help her with her struggle.  

While, of course, identifying details in this story have been changed for confidentiality purposes, this very real scenario is what Amudim Israel deals with on a daily basis.  

Providing Support in the U.S. and Israel 

Amudim Community Resources, founded and led by Rabbi Zvi Gluck, has been providing clinical case management, awareness, and education throughout the United States and abroad for close to a decade, helping countless members of our own community in times of crisis, and dealing with the most difficult of circumstances, including addictions and abuse. Aside from day-to-day case management services, Amudim’s travel department was a pioneer throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, facilitating visas for thousands of students coming to study in Israel, helping people bury loved ones in Eretz Yisrael, and handling emergencies requiring international travel.

As the organization grew and started receiving more and more calls from Israel, by 2017 the time had come to open up the local Amudim Israel branch to best provide local support to gap-year students and the English-speaking communities.  For the first time, the Anglo population and gap-year schools in Israel finally had a professional mental health organization to turn to for help and guidance.

New Division Focuses on Needs of Sephardic Community in Israel

Since Amudim Israel started operations, access to vital resources for the English-speaking community has become more readily available. With this in mind, coupled with the increase in call volume from Sephardim, a new division, with strong support from the community rabbis, was opened to cater to the needs of the Sephardic community. Spearheaded by Solly Mizrahi, MSW, this new initiative addresses the needs of all populations; gap-year students, newlyweds, families, and lone soldiers, assisting with complex mental health issues, navigating Israel’s bureaucracy, and providing psychoeducational workshops.

The Sephardic Division debuted with a series of workshops for yeshiva staff members on understanding mental health issues. This three-week program addressed the dynamic role of rebbeim who are working with students struggling with issues such as anxiety, depression, personality disorders, and more. One participant explained that “the issues facing our students today are unlike anything in the past. There are so many challenges facing adolescents today that it’s important for a rebbe to understand when professional intervention is necessary.” 

Special Programs Address Critical Issues

Additional past programs included mental health presentations provided to students from Yeshivot Lev Aharon, Yesod HaTorah, Moreshet Yerushalayim, Torat Shraga, and Eretz HaTzvi, as well as a similar workshop for seminary students, hosted by Sylvia and Moshe Faham. These presentations were a crucial opportunity for students to identify when it’s important to reach out for help, and of equal importance, to know that help is available. As one student, who subsequently reached out to Amudim Israel, mentioned to his case manager, “That talk got me thinking, I really want to address my depression and take charge of my life.” Lastly, an event for community mothers on the topic of child abuse and safety was organized in May. These special programs, and more, were provided in addition to the ongoing day-to-day clinical case management, which has been delivering critical support to individuals and families from our community impacted by mood disorders, addiction, eating disorders, and trauma.

Looking ahead, we are pleased to announce two new programs that are taking off in the near future. The first is a Social Emotional Learning (SEL) curriculum, which will be implemented in the various Sephardic yeshivot and seminaries and will include a weekly class on topics including building healthy relationships, effective communication, leadership skills, understanding the world of addictions, and preparing for life after the year in Israel. Preventative education is an evidence-based model to promote healthy development and a wholesome lifestyle. Second, also launching at the beginning of the coming school year, is the opening of a new therapy center, a joint venture of Amudim Israel and Wurzweiler School of Social Work. The therapy center will offer subsidized clinical services, allowing those in need to access quality and professional care at an affordable rate. In addition to these new programs, Amudim Israel’s Sephardic Division will continue to provide psychoeducational workshops to communities, educators, and students throughout the year.

Bringing Peace of Mind to Community Families 

At last, families can send their children overseas with the comfort of knowing that if and when professional intervention is necessary, they have who to call. Similarly, those families living in Israel now have a place to turn to for confidential and professional care. We look forward to working together to meet the ever-developing needs of our community members who are zoche to call Israel their home.  

For case management support or for more information about upcoming events, Amudim Israel’s Sephardic Division can be reached in Israel at 02-380-3075, from the U.S. at 516-636-0175 ext. 401, or by emailing support@amudim.org.il. 

Amudim Israel’s Sephardic Division Community Advisory Board: Stefanie & Charles Sakkal, Sylvia & Moshe Faham, and Vered Mizrahi.

The Lighter Side – August 2022

Logical Misunderstanding

Rivkah asks Shlomo, “I’m short of some ingredients for the cake I’m baking, so could you please get some things for me from the supermarket?”

“Of course I can, darling,” replies Shlomo. “What do you need?”

“Please get one carton of milk, and if they have eggs, get six,” replies Rivkah.

Fifteen minutes later, Shlomo returns with six cartons of milk. Rivkah is mystified. “Why on earth did you buy six cartons of milk?”

“Because they had eggs,” he replies.

Martin A.

Lesson in Forgiveness

Mrs. Epstein, a teacher at Beth Israel Congregation had just concluded her lesson in preparation of Yom Kippur and wanted to make sure she had made her point. She asked her class, “Can anyone tell me what you must do before you can obtain forgiveness for transgressing one of the commandments?”

There was a short pause and then, from the back of the room, a small girl spoke up and said, “Transgress one of the commandments.”

Lisa R.

Penny for Your Thoughts

One night Alice found her husband Steve standing over their newborn baby’s crib.

Silently, Alice watched him. As Steve stood looking down at the sleeping infant, she saw on his face a mixture of emotions: disbelief, doubt, delight, amazement, enchantment, skepticism.

Touched by his unusual display of deep emotions, Alice felt her eyes grow moist.

She approached her husband. “A penny for your thoughts,” she whispered in his ear.

“It’s amazing,” Steve replied. “I just can’t see how anybody can make a crib like that for only $39.95!”

Raymond C.

A Real Steal

Morris is not the world’s greatest businessman – he loses money all of the time, but this time it’s not his fault because he was robbed. Henry, his friend, hears about the robbery and goes to visit Morris.

“I’m very sorry to hear about the robbery,” says Henry. “Did you lose much?”

“I lost a few things, but it’s okay – I got off lucky. I’m just happy it didn’t happen one night earlier.”

“Why?” asks Henry.

“Well,” replies Morris, “just on the day of the theft, I marked everything down by 30 percent!”

Maurice Z.

Lost in Translation

Little Rena was in Junior Kindergarten at Eitz Chaim Preschool. Her favorite time of the day was when the Morah taught parsha. Morah Dinah was telling the story of Lot and Sodom.

“There was a man named Lot,” Morah Dinah explained, “who was warned to take his wife and flee out of the city, but his wife looked back and was turned to salt.”

Concerned, Rena asked, “What happened to the flea?”

Carol D.

Even Steven

Mrs. Cohen has been suffering from arthritis. On the advice of her daughter-in-law, she goes to see Dr. Rubinstein, a specialist.

After a long visit, Dr. Rubinstein prescribes some medication and sends Mrs. Cohen on her way.

After a few weeks, Dr. Rubinstein calls Mrs. Cohen saying, “Mrs. Cohen, your check came back.”

Mrs. Cohen answers, “So did my arthritis!”

 

Alex S.

Puzzling Family Tree

A simple Jew from the infamous city of Chelm visits Warsaw. He meets the shamash of the shul and the shamash asks him a riddle: Who is my father’s son, but he’s not my brother? The simple Jew thinks and thinks, finally gives up and asks: Who is it?

The answer is simple: “Me.”

“That is great,” he thought! When he returns to Chelm he gathers his friends and family and challenges them with the riddle. Who is my father’s son, but isn’t my brother? They give up. “It is the shamash of Warsaw!” he proclaims grinning at the brilliance.

Ezra F.

Accident Report

Old Bernie Epstein was testifying as a witness to an automobile accident. The following exchange took place between Bernie and the lawyer:

Lawyer: “Did you actually see the accident?”

Bernie: “Yes, sir.”

Lawyer: “How far away were you when the accident happened?”

Bernie: “Thirty-one feet, six and one-quarter inches.”

Lawyer (thinking he’d trap Bernie): “Well, sir, will you tell the jury how you knew it was exactly that distance?”

Bernie: “Because when the accident happened, I took out a tape and measured it. I knew some silly lawyer like you would ask me that question.”

Cathy A.

Bicycle Barter

Dr. Adler was out for a leisurely Sunday afternoon ride on his bicycle, when he came upon little Moishie Goldberg from his shul, trying to sell a lawn mower. “How much do you want for the mower, Moishie?” asked Dr. Adler.

“I just want enough money so I can buy a bicycle,” said Moishie. After a moment of consideration, the doctor asked, “Will you take my bike in trade for it?”

Moishie asked if he could try it out first, and after adjusting the seat and riding the bike around a little he said, “Doc, you’ve got yourself a deal.”

Dr. Adler took the mower and began to try to crank it. He pulled on the string a few times with no response from the mower. He called Moishie over and said, “I can’t get this mower to start.”

The boy said, “That’s because you have to yell at it to get it started. That’s what my dad does.”

Dr. Adler said, “I am a doctor, I don’t even know how to swear.”

Moishie looked at him happily and said, “Just keep pulling on that string. It’ll come to you!”

Norman P.

A Real Bargain

“Good morning, sir,” Morty says as he greets the salesman. “I came to this store because I don’t like to bargain.”

“Well, you’ve come to the right place,” says the salesman. “We’re strictly a one price outfit.”

“Excellent. I like that blue suit over there. How much is it?”

“Like I said, I don’t fool around with bargaining. So, I’m not going to ask $250 for this suit, or even $235. I’m going to give you my best price: $220.”

“Well, you’re my kind of businessman,” Morty says. “That’s why I’m here. I won’t fool around and offer you $160 for that suit, or even $175. I’ll give you $200 for it.”

“You can have it for $210.”

“I’ll take it.”

Jake H.

Batteries Not Included

David and Miriam were out shopping, and all David wanted was some batteries, but none of the clerks in the electronics store seemed interested in helping him.

“I’ve got an idea,” Miriam said, and she pulled a tape measure out of her purse. She stepped up to one of the giant plasma-screen TVs and started to measure it.

Faster than you can say high definition, a young man came running over. “May I help you?” he asked breathlessly.

“Yes,” Miriam said. “We’d like to buy these batteries.”

Lauren R.

Sephardic Community Youth Center Offering Free Summer Meal Distribution for Children

The Sephardic Community Center announced that they are providing meals through the USDA Summer Food Service Program. The Center will be distributing seven days of breakfasts and seven days of lunches in bulk weekly.

All children ages 1-18 are eligible to receive meals through this program. Please note that registration is required.

You can enroll your child(ren) in this free meal program by registering on the Center’s website: SCCSummerLunch.com. After completing the online form, you will receive an email confirmation from SCCSummerLunch@gmail.com of eligibility and enrollment.

If you do not have internet access, you may register in person at the Center or call their office at 718 627 4300 to schedule an appointment and complete the application. Appointments are available Monday through Thursday, 9am to 5pm.

Brooklyn Politicians Ask Maimonides CEO for Town Hall to Address Concerns

On July 7, 2022, leading Brooklyn political figures in the area serviced by Maimonides Medical Center called on Maimonides CEO Ken Gibbs to join a town hall style meeting to engage with community residents who have raised complaints about hospital mismanagement and the decreasing level of patient care in the hospital.

Simcha Felder, Simcha Eichenstein, and Kalman Yeger are part of the group seeking to speak with the Board of |Directors. As to whether Gibbs would grant the requested town hall, a Maimonides spokesperson said Gibbs “is responding directly to the local officials.”

Monthly Update from Assemblywomen Kim Eulner and Marilyn Piperno

In late June, the legislature approved the governor’s $50.6 billion budget, the largest in New Jersey history and a nearly $18 billion increase from last year. While there were some positives, overwhelmingly, this year’s budget fell short in providing real, substantial tax relief to New Jersey residents. However, one noteworthy line item was implementing a ten-day sales tax holiday on certain back-to-school supplies for you and your families.

The sales tax holiday will take place from August 27 to September 5. It will include personal computers and computer supplies, such as computer storage equipment, printers, and personal digital assistants. Smaller items such as pens and pencils, notebooks, and binders are also eligible, as well as school art supplies such as paints and paintbrushes, clay, and glazes. School instructional materials such as reference books, reference maps, globes, textbooks, and workbooks are also covered.

While we hoped for a more permanent solution to combat rising prices and out-of-control inflation, we proudly voted in favor of this bill, providing much-needed relief to parents. We remain committed to making our state more affordable by advocating for a lower sales and income tax rate and fundamental, lasting changes to property taxes. Only then will we make our state more affordable and make it easier for people to stay in New Jersey to live, work, and raise a family.

Yours in service,

Kim and Marilyn

Top Things Often Overlooked When Buying a Home

When buying a home, we often overlook things that we realize later were actually very important to take into consideration. 

After talking to some of our followers, we would like to share with you their thoughts and insights. 

Zoning 

I didn’t realize how important zoning is when buying a house. Due to zoning, after buying our home, we found out that we couldn’t build the way we were hoping to. We learned the hard way how important it is to speak to an architect or expeditor prior to buying if you plan on extending or building.  

Professionals 

Always ask a professional to check out each area and feature of the house, such as the heating/cooling system, the plumbing and electrical systems, the basement, attic, etc., so you know if any extra work needs to be done to bring the house up to move-in condition. 

Sewer lines  

Tell you what happened to me. Nobody advised me to run a camera down my sewer main line. The home inspector did not mention it, so it wasn’t done. He simply put on all the sinks and if the water went down, he said it was fine. The week I moved in, the bathtubs started backing up and the plumber comes over and says the sewer mainline collapsed. It cost me $12,000 to replace it. The plumber said had I ran a camera inspection prior to closing on the house, he would have seen it right away. We would have been able to negotiate with the seller for a lower price, or to replace the sewer main line. So, make sure you have the sewer main inspected with a camera by a professional plumber, and make sure to sign up for sewer main insurance from the water company (which also nobody advised me to do). Live and learn, I guess.

From the Desk of Arye Brecher    

Why You Should Get That Mortgage Now…  

                                                                                                                                                                                              Now is the time. During turbulent times, as we have had in the recent past, there is so much uncertainty at each turn. People worry: what will happen to the stock market? Will interest rates keep climbing? It brings back memories of the onset of COVID-19. Banks were scared about a crash and started raising rates and pulling mortgage products from the market. Experts were warning not to buy real estate because prices would plummet 50-60 percent. And  all that talk was nothing but hot air. It didn’t turn out that way at all. 

Now I’m not saying that we’ll wake up tomorrow and see the rates to be back at three percent, but now might be a great time to buy a home! Keep in mind, I am not an analyst or predictor of the future. However, I have seen dozens of buyers get priced out of the home buying market because prices were rising so quickly and sharply, and sellers were starting to only take cash offers.  When there is fear in the market, buyers may feel pressured to grab up a deal and close on a house. 

Interest rates have risen sharply, and this does really affect monthly payments. However, let’s be honest, the average home buyer barely holds a mortgage for five years. Whether selling or refinancing, mortgages get paid off. The reason why rates have popped is due to inflation running rampant. 

Inflation means that money is easy to obtain. When anything is easy to obtain, its price goes down in value. When the dollar goes down in value you need more of it to pay for daily items. One of the main tools the Federal Reserve uses to tame the rate of inflation is by making money harder to get by raising interest rates. This makes it so that there is less money circulating and its value will increase again. They’ll hit a point where the economy will contract, and they’ll have to lower rates to give the economy another kick. When that happens, refinance your mortgage, and lower your monthly payments. Obviously, you have to be smart about your decision and not go into a payment that you cannot afford.  

Do your research. Put in your offer. Make those dreams a reality.